clang-15 emits the following error message for functions without
a prototype:
fs/zfs/os/linux/spl/spl-kmem-cache.c:1423:27: error:
a function declaration without a prototype is deprecated
in all versions of C [-Werror,-Wstrict-prototypes]
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Aidan Harris <me@aidanharr.is>
Closes#13421
Linux 5.12 PPC 5.12 get_user() and __copy_from_user_inatomic()
inline helpers very indirectly include a reference to the GPL'd
array mmu_feature_keys[] and fails to build. Workaround this by
using copy_from_user() and throwing EFAULT for any calls to
__copy_from_user_inatomic(). This is a workaround until a fix
for Linux commit 7613f5a66becfd0e43a0f34de8518695888f5458
"powerpc/64s/kuap: Use mmu_has_feature()" is fully addressed.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Authored-by: Colin Ian King <colin.king@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: szubersk <szuberskidamian@gmail.com>
Closes#11958Closes#12590Closes#13367
On some architectures ZERO_PAGE is unavailable because it references
a GPL exported symbol of empty_zero_page. Originally e08b993 removed
the call to PAGE_ZERO(0) for assignment to the abd_zero_page. However,
a simple check can be done to avoid a kernel allocation and free for
the abd_zero_page if ZERO_PAGE is available.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Brian Atkinson <batkinson@lanl.gov>
Closes#13199
This adds supports for hole-punching facilities in the FreeBSD kernel
starting from __FreeBSD_version 1400032.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@iXsystems.com>
Signed-off-by: Ka Ho Ng <khng@FreeBSD.org>
Sponsored-by: The FreeBSD Foundation
Closes#12458
When using a Linux kernel which predates the iov_iter interface the
O_APPEND flag should be applied in zpl_aio_write() via the call to
generic_write_checks(). The updated pos variable was incorrectly
ignored resulting in the current offset being used.
This issue should only realistically impact the RHEL/CentOS 7.x
kernels which are based on Linux 3.10.
Reviewed-by: Tony Hutter <hutter2@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#13370Closes#13377
In hypothetical case of non-linear ABD with single segment, multiple
to page size but not aligned to it, vdev_geom_fill_unmap_cb() could
fill one page less into bio_ma array.
I am not sure it is expoitable, but better to be safe than sorry.
Reported-by: Mark Johnston <markj@FreeBSD.org>
Signed-off-by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
(cherry picked from commit 5352f85cdd)
It turns out, no, in fact, ZERO_RANGE and PUNCH_HOLE do
have differing semantics in some ways - in particular,
one requires KEEP_SIZE, and the other does not.
Also added a zero-range test to catch this, corrected a flaw
that made the punch-hole test succeed vacuously, and a typo
in file_write.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Rich Ercolani <rincebrain@gmail.com>
Closes#13329Closes#13338
As of the 5.17 kernel the GENHD_FL_EXT_DEVT flag has been removed
and the GENHD_FL_NO_PART_SCAN flag renamed GENHD_FL_NO_PART. Update
zvol_alloc() to set GENHD_FL_NO_PART for the newer kernels which
is sufficient. The behavior for prior kernels remains unchanged.
1ebe2e5f ("block: remove GENHD_FL_EXT_DEVT")
46e7eac6 ("block: rename GENHD_FL_NO_PART_SCAN to GENHD_FL_NO_PART")
Reviewed-by: Tony Hutter <hutter2@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#13294Closes#13297
FreeBSD's memory management system uses its own error numbers and gets
confused when these VOPs return EIO.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@iXsystems.com>
Reported-by: Peter Holm <pho@FreeBSD.org>
Signed-off-by: Mark Johnston <markj@FreeBSD.org>
Closes#13311
For legacy reasons, a couple of VOPs have to return error numbers that
don't come from the usual errno namespace. To handle the cases where
ZFS_ENTER or ZFS_VERIFY_ZP fail, we need to be able to override the
default error return value of EIO. Extend the macros to permit this.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@iXsystems.com>
Signed-off-by: Mark Johnston <markj@FreeBSD.org>
Closes#13311
->readpages was removed and replaced by ->readahead. Define
zpl_readahead for kernels that don't have ->readpages.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Riccardo Schirone <rschirone91@gmail.com>
Closes#13278
blkdev.h includes genhd.h since dawn of upstream git, so this is
globally safe
Upstream-commit: 322cbb50de711814c42fb088f6d31901502c711a ("block:
remove genhd.h")
Reviewed-by: Tony Hutter <hutter2@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Ahelenia Ziemiańska <nabijaczleweli@nabijaczleweli.xyz>
Closes#13251
bio_alloc(gfp_t gfp_mask, unsigned short nr_iovecs)
became
bio_alloc(struct block_device *bdev, unsigned short nr_vecs,
unsigned int opf, gfp_t gfp_mask)
passing NULL/0 continues previous behaviour
Upstream-commit: 07888c665b405b1cd3577ddebfeb74f4717a84c4 ("block:
pass a block_device and opf to bio_alloc")
Reviewed-by: Tony Hutter <hutter2@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Ahelenia Ziemiańska <nabijaczleweli@nabijaczleweli.xyz>
Closes#13251
NDF_ONLY_PNBUF has been removed from FreeBSD in favor of NDFREE_PNBUF.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Ryan Moeller <freqlabs@FreeBSD.org>
Closes#13277
This PR changes ZFS ACL checks to evaluate
fsuid / fsgid rather than euid / egid to avoid
accidentally granting elevated permissions to
NFS clients.
Reviewed-by: Serapheim Dimitropoulos <serapheim@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Co-authored-by: Andrew Walker <awalker@ixsystems.com>
Co-authored-by: Ryan Moeller <freqlabs@FreeBSD.org>
Signed-off-by: Ryan Moeller <freqlabs@FreeBSD.org>
Closes#13221
At shutdown time, we drain all of the zevents and set the
ZEVENT_SHUTDOWN flag. On FreeBSD, we may end up calling
zfs_zevent_destroy() after the zevent_lock has been destroyed while
the sysevent thread is winding down; we observe ESHUTDOWN, then back
out.
Events have already been drained, so just inline the kmem_free call in
sysevent_worker() to avoid the race, and document the assumption that
zfs_zevent_destroy doesn't do anything else useful at that point.
This fixes a panic that can occur at module unload time.
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <freqlabs@FreeBSD.org>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Kyle Evans <kevans@FreeBSD.org>
Closes#13220
When rolling back a dataset, ZFS has to purge file data resident in the
system page cache. To do this, it loops over all vnodes for the
mountpoint and calls vn_pages_remove() to purge pages associated with
the vnode's VM object. Each page is thus exclusively busied while the
dataset's teardown write lock is held.
When handling a page fault on a mapped ZFS file, FreeBSD's page fault
handler busies newly allocated pages and then uses VOP_GETPAGES to fill
them. The ZFS getpages VOP acquires the teardown read lock with vnode
pages already busied. This represents a lock order reversal which can
lead to deadlock.
To break the deadlock, observe that zfs_rezget() need only purge those
pages marked valid, and that pages busied by the page fault handler are,
by definition, invalid. Furthermore, ZFS pages always transition from
invalid to valid with the teardown lock held, and ZFS never creates
partially valid pages. Thus, zfs_rezget() can use the new
vn_pages_remove_valid() to skip over pages busied by the fault handler.
PR: 258208
Tested by: pho
Reviewed by: avg, sef, kib
MFC after: 2 weeks
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D32931
Reviewed-by: Tony Hutter <hutter2@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
Signed-off-by: Ryan Moeller <freqlabs@FreeBSD.org>
Closes#12828
While switching abd_zero_buf allocation KPI I've missed the fact
that kmem_zalloc() zeroed the allocation, while kmem_cache_alloc()
does not. Add explicit bzero() after it.
I don't think it should have caused real problems, but leaking one
memory page content all over the pool is not good.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Brian Atkinson <batkinson@lanl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@ixsystems.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
Closes#12569
We move the spinlock unlock before the thread creation. This should be
safe because the thread creation code doesn't actually manipulate any
taskq data structures; that's done by the thread once it's created.
We also remove the assertion that the maxthreads is the current threads
plus one; that assertion could fail if multiple hotplug events come in
quick succession, and the first new taskq thread hasn't had a chance to
start processing yet.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
eviewed-by: Tony Nguyen <tony.nguyen@delphix.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Dagnelie <pcd@delphix.com>
Closes#12714
This allows reads/writes caused by accesses to mmap files to be
accounted correctly in the per-dataset kstats for both Linux and
FreeBSD.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <freqlabs@FreeBSD.org>
Signed-off-by: Matthias Blankertz <matthias@blankertz.org>
Closes#12994Closes#13044
Raw receiving a snapshot back to the originating dataset is currently
impossible because of user accounting being present in the originating
dataset.
One solution would be resetting user accounting when raw receiving on
the receiving dataset. However, to recalculate it we would have to dirty
all dnodes, which may not be preferable on big datasets.
Instead, we rely on the os_phys flag
OBJSET_FLAG_USERACCOUNTING_COMPLETE to indicate that user accounting is
incomplete when raw receiving. Thus, on the next mount of the receiving
dataset the local mac protecting user accounting is zeroed out.
The flag is then cleared when user accounting of the raw received
snapshot is calculated.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: George Amanakis <gamanakis@gmail.com>
Closes#12981Closes#10523Closes#11221Closes#11294Closes#12594
Issue #11300
When using the two argument version of submit_bio() in kernel's prior
to 4.8 the first argument should be specified. It's used by block
dump to report the bio direction.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Finix Yan <yancw@info2soft.com>
Closes#13006
Linux 5.17 sees a rename from complete_and_exit()
to kthread complete_and_exit()
Upstream commit cead18552660702a4a46f58e65188fe5f36e9dfe
("exit: Rename complete_and_exit to kthread_complete_and_exit")
Reviewed-by: Tony Hutter <hutter2@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Ahelenia Ziemiańska <nabijaczleweli@nabijaczleweli.xyz>
Closes#12989
For us, I think it's always just FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE with a fake
mustache on.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Coleman Kane <ckane@colemankane.org>
Signed-off-by: Rich Ercolani <rincebrain@gmail.com>
Closes#12975
add_disk went from void to must-check int return.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Coleman Kane <ckane@colemankane.org>
Signed-off-by: Rich Ercolani <rincebrain@gmail.com>
Closes#12975
First open locking changes were correctly applied to zvol_geom_open but
incorrectly applied to zvol_cdev_open, causing spa_namespace_lock to be
held indefinitely.
Make the first open locking in zvol_cdev_open match zvol_geom_open.
Reviewed-by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@iXsystems.com>
Closes#13016
These are the changes for FreeBSD corresponding to the changes made for
Linux in #12863, see that PR for details.
Changes from #12863 are applied for zvol_geom_open and zvol_cdev_open
on FreeBSD. This also adds a check for the zvol dying which we had
in zvol_geom_open but was missing in zvol_cdev_open. The check causes
the open to fail early with ENXIO when we are in the middle of changing
volmode.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
Signed-off-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@iXsystems.com>
Closes#12934
Fix from https://github.com/openzfs/zfs/pull/12844#discussion_r774179413
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@ixsystems.com>
Signed-off-by: Ahelenia Ziemiańska <nabijaczleweli@nabijaczleweli.xyz>
Closes#12905
sc.nr_to_scan is an input to super_cache_clean (via
shrinker->scan_objects), used to set the number of objects to scan
in the various caches. However super_cache_scan also modifies
sc.nr_to_scan, so when used in a loop we need to reset
sc.nr_to_scan back to our desired nr_to_scan for the next
iteration.
Issue discovered and solution suggested by
Tenzin Lhakhang @tlhakhan.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Chris Dunlop <chris@onthe.net.au>
Issue #12433Closes#12908
When performing I/O on FreeBSD using a file based vdev ensure all
errors encountered when reading/writing are propagated through the
zio pipeline.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@ixsystems.com>
Signed-off-by: Ahelenia Ziemiańska <nabijaczleweli@nabijaczleweli.xyz>
Closes#12904
When restructuring the zvol_open() logic for the Linux 5.13 kernel
a lock inversion was accidentally introduced. In the updated code
the spa_namespace_lock is now taken before the zv_suspend_lock
allowing the following scenario to occur:
down_read <=== waiting for zv_suspend_lock
zvol_open <=== holds spa_namespace_lock
__blkdev_get
blkdev_get_by_dev
blkdev_open
...
mutex_lock <== waiting for spa_namespace_lock
spa_open_common
spa_open
dsl_pool_hold
dmu_objset_hold_flags
dmu_objset_hold
dsl_prop_get
dsl_prop_get_integer
zvol_create_minor
dmu_recv_end
zfs_ioc_recv_impl <=== holds zv_suspend_lock via zvol_suspend()
zfs_ioc_recv
...
This commit resolves the issue by moving the acquisition of the
spa_namespace_lock back to after the zv_suspend_lock which restores
the original ordering.
Additionally, as part of this change the error exit paths were
simplified where possible.
Reviewed-by: Tony Hutter <hutter2@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Rich Ercolani <rincebrain@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#12863
A recent commit to FreeBSD changed the type of
vop_readdir_args.a_cookies to a uint64_t**. There is no functional
impact to ZFS because ZFS only uses 32-bit cookies, which will be
zero-extended to 64-bits by the existing code.
b214fcceac
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
Signed-off-by: Alan Somers <asomers@gmail.com>
Closes#12874
va_seq was actually a thin veil over va_gen, so z_gen is a more
appropriate value than z_seq to populate the field with.
Drop the unnecessary compat obfuscation and provide the correct
file generation number.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
Signed-off-by: Ryan Moeller <freqlabs@freebsd.org>
Closes#12851
- To avoid a use-after-free, zfsvfs->z_log needs to be loaded after the
teardown lock is acquired with ZFS_ENTER().
- Avoid leaking vnode locks in zfs_rename_relock() and zfs_rename_()
when the ZFS_ENTER() macros forces an early return.
Refactor the rename implementation so that ZFS_ENTER() can be used
safely. As a bonus, this lets us use the ZFS_VERIFY_ZP() macro instead
of open-coding its implementation.
Reported-by: Peter Holm <pho@FreeBSD.org>
Tested-by: Peter Holm <pho@FreeBSD.org>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@iXsystems.com>
Reviewed-by: Tony Nguyen <tony.nguyen@delphix.com>
Signed-off-by: Mark Johnston <markj@FreeBSD.org>
Sponsored-by: The FreeBSD Foundation
Closes#12717
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@ixsystems.com>
Signed-off-by: Pawel Jakub Dawidek <pawel@dawidek.net>
Closes#12748
We have to hold the teardown lock while dereferencing zfsvfs->z_os and,
I believe, when committing to the ZIL.
Note that jumping to the "out" label, "error" is always non-zero.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@ixsystems.com>
Signed-off-by: Mark Johnston <markj@FreeBSD.org>
Closes#12704
The objset object is reallocated during certain dataset operations, such
as rollbacks, so the objset pointer must be loaded after acquiring the
teardown lock.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@ixsystems.com>
Signed-off-by: Mark Johnston <markj@FreeBSD.org>
Closes#12704
The definition of struct blkcg_gq was moved into blk-cgroup.h, which is
a header that's been in Linux since 2015. This is used by
vdev_blkg_tryget() in module/os/linux/zfs/vdev_disk.c. Since the kernel
for CentOS 7 and similar-generation releases doesn't have this header,
its inclusion is guarded by a configure test.
Reviewed-by: Tony Hutter <hutter2@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Coleman Kane <ckane@colemankane.org>
Closes#12819
This change adds a confiugre check to determine if bio_set_dev is a
helper macro or not. If not, then the attempt to override its internal
call to bio_associate_blkg(), with a macro definition to our own
version, is no longer possible, as the compiler won't use it when
compiling the new inline function replacement implemented in the header.
This change also creates a new vdev_bio_set_dev() function that performs
the same work, and also performs the work implemented in
vdev_bio_associate_blkg(), as it is the only thing calling that function
in our code. Our custom vdev_bio_associate_blkg() is now only compiled
if the bio_set_dev() is a macro in the Linux headers.
Reviewed-by: Tony Hutter <hutter2@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Coleman Kane <ckane@colemankane.org>
Closes#12819
The iov_iter->type member was renamed iov_iter->iter_type. However,
while looking into this, realized that in 2018 a iov_iter_type(*iov)
accessor function was introduced. So if that is present, use it,
otherwise fall back to trying the existing behavior of directly
accessing type from iov_iter.
Reviewed-by: Tony Hutter <hutter2@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Coleman Kane <ckane@colemankane.org>
Closes#12819
The return type for the submit_bio member of struct
block_device_operations was changed to no longer return a value.
Reviewed-by: Tony Hutter <hutter2@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Coleman Kane <ckane@colemankane.org>
Closes#12819
Due to a possible lock inversion the zvol open call path on Linux
needs to be able to retry in the case where the spa_namespace_lock
cannot be acquired.
For Linux 5.12 an older kernel this was accomplished by returning
-ERESTARTSYS from zvol_open() to request that blkdev_get() drop
the bdev->bd_mutex lock, reaquire it, then call the open callback
again. However, as of the 5.13 kernel this behavior was removed.
Therefore, for 5.12 and older kernels we preserved the existing
retry logic, but for 5.13 and newer kernels we retry internally in
zvol_open(). This should always succeed except in the case where
a pool's vdev are layed on zvols, in which case it may fail. To
handle this case vdev_disk_open() has been updated to retry when
opening a device when -ERESTARTSYS is returned.
Reviewed-by: Tony Hutter <hutter2@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Tony Nguyen <tony.nguyen@delphix.com>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Issue #12301Closes#12759
Instead, linux/pagemap.h offers a number of folio-specific functions to
be called instead. In this case, module/os/linux/zfs/zfs_vnops_os.c
wants to call wait_on_page_bit(pp, PG_writeback). This gets replaced
with folio_wait_bit(folio_page(pp), PG_writeback). This change modifies
the code to conditionally compile that if configure identifies th
presence of the folio_wait_bit() function.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Coleman Kane <ckane@colemankane.org>
Closes#12800
The submit_bio() prototype has changed again. The version is 5.16
still only expects a single argument but the return type has changed
to void. Since we never used the returned value before update the
configure check to detect both single arg versions.
Reviewed-by: Tony Hutter <hutter2@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Alexander Lobakin <alobakin@pm.me>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#12725
As of the Linux 5.9 kernel a fallthrough macro has been added which
should be used to anotate all intentional fallthrough paths. Once
all of the kernel code paths have been updated to use fallthrough
the -Wimplicit-fallthrough option will because the default. To
avoid warnings in the OpenZFS code base when this happens apply
the fallthrough macro.
Additional reading: https://lwn.net/Articles/794944/
Reviewed-by: Tony Nguyen <tony.nguyen@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: George Melikov <mail@gmelikov.ru>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#12441
Kernel commits
332f606b32b6 ovl: enable RCU'd ->get_acl()
0cad6246621b vfs: add rcu argument to ->get_acl() callback
Added compatibility code to detect the new ->get_acl() interface
and correctly handle the case where the new rcu argument is set.
Reviewed-by: Coleman Kane <ckane@colemankane.org>
Reviewed-by: Tony Hutter <hutter2@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#12548
We attempt to remove an existing SA xattr when setting a dir xattr, but
this only makes sense if the znode has been upgraded to the SA format.
Otherwise, we will hit an assert in zfs_sa_get_xattr.
Make sure this is an SA znode before attempting to remove the SA xattr.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
Signed-off-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@iXsystems.com>
Closes#12514
Linux 4.11 added a new statx system call that allows us to expose crtime
as btime. We do this by caching crtime in the znode to match how atime,
ctime and mtime are cached in the inode.
statx also introduced a new way of reporting whether the immutable,
append and nodump bits have been set. It adds support for reporting
compression and encryption, but the semantics on other filesystems is
not just to report compression/encryption, but to allow it to be turned
on/off at the file level. We do not support that.
We could implement semantics where we refuse to allow user modification
of the bit, but we would need to do a dnode_hold() in zfs_znode_alloc()
to find out encryption/compression information. That would introduce
locking that will have a minor (although unmeasured) performance cost.
It also would be inferior to zdb, which reports far more detailed
information. We therefore omit reporting of encryption/compression
through statx in favor of recommending that users interested in such
information use zdb.
Reviewed-by: Tony Nguyen <tony.nguyen@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: Allan Jude <allan@klarasystems.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@iXsystems.com>
Signed-off-by: Richard Yao <ryao@gentoo.org>
Closes#8507
When a header is allocated for full overwrite it is a waste of time
to allocate b_pabd/b_rabd for it, since arc_write() will free them
without ever being touched. If it is a read or a partial overwrite
then arc_read() and arc_hdr_decrypt() allocate them explicitly.
Reduced memory allocation in user threads also reduces ARC eviction
throttling there, proportionally increasing it in ZIO threads, that
is not good. To minimize or even avoid it introduce ARC allocation
reserve, allowing certain arc_get_data_abd() callers to allocate a
bit longer in situations where user threads will already throttle.
Reviewed-by: George Wilson <gwilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: Mark Maybee <mark.maybee@delphix.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
Closes#12398
Before OpenZFS 2.0, trying to set the FreeBSD sysctl vfs.zfs.arc_max
to a disallowed value would return an error.
Since the switch, it instead only generates WARN_IF_TUNING_IGNORED
Keep the ability to set the sysctl's specifically to 0, even though
that is less than the minimum, because some tests depend on this.
Also lost, was the ability to set vfs.zfs.arc_max to a value less
than the default vfs.zfs.arc_min at boot time. Restore this as well.
Reviewed-by: Tony Nguyen <tony.nguyen@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@ixsystems.com>
Signed-off-by: Allan Jude <allan@klarasystems.com>
Closes#12161
Reviewed-by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
Reviewed-by: Martin Matuska <mm@FreeBSD.org>
Co-authored-by: Konstantin Belousov <kib@FreeBSD.org>
Signed-off-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@iXsystems.com>
External-issue: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D31207Closes#12442
The /proc/diskstats accounting needs to be explicitly enabled
for block devices which do not use multi-queue.
Reviewed-by: Tony Nguyen <tony.nguyen@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: George Melikov <mail@gmelikov.ru>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#12440Closes#12066
CpaDcGeneratefooter function that obtain the checksum code
does not support the CPA_DC_STATELESS mode. So we get the
adler32 chencksum of the end of the zlib from dc_results.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Chengfei Zhu <chengfeix.zhu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: hedong.zhang <h_d_zhang@163.com>
Closes#12343
We have a tunable which permits one to disable the use of unmapped I/O
for the buffer cache. Respect it in ZFS as well. This is useful for
KMSAN, which cannot easily maintain shadow state for unmapped pages.
No functional change intended, as unmapped I/O is permitted by default
and there's no real reason to disable it in practice except for
debugging.
Reviewed-by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
Reviewed-by: Tony Nguyen <tony.nguyen@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@iXsystems.com>
Signed-off-by: Mark Johnston <markj@FreeBSD.org>
Closes#12446
Kernel 5.14 introduced a change where set_page_dirty of
struct address_space_operations is no longer implicitly set to
__set_page_dirty_buffers(), which ended up resulting in a NULL
pointer deref in the kernel when it is attempted to be called.
This change sets .set_page_dirty in the structure to
__set_page_dirty_nobuffers(), which was introduced with the
related patch set. The breaking change was introduce in commit
0af573780b0b13fceb7fabd49dc1b073cee9a507 to torvalds/linux.git.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Coleman Kane <ckane@colemankane.org>
Closes#12427
In Linux 5.14, blk_alloc_queue is no longer exported, and its usage
has been superseded by blk_alloc_disk, which returns a gendisk struct
from which we can still retrieve the struct request_queue* that is
needed in the one place where it is used. This also replaces the call
to alloc_disk(minors), and minors is now set via struct member
assignment.
Reviewed-by: Tony Nguyen <tony.nguyen@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: Olaf Faaland <faaland1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Coleman Kane <ckane@colemankane.org>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#12362Closes#12409
Since errors returned by zvol_create_minor_impl() are ignored by the
common code, it is more convenient to ignore make_dev_s() errors there.
It allows, for example, to get device created for the zvol after later
rename instead of having it further stuck in half-created state.
zvol_rename_minor() already ignores those errors.
While there, switch from MAXPHYS to maxphys in FreeBSD 13+.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Tony Nguyen <tony.nguyen@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@iXsystems.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
Closes#12375
* zio: avoid callback typecasting
* zil: avoid zil_itxg_clean() callback typecasting
* zpl: decouple zpl_readpage() into two separate callbacks
* nvpair: explicitly declare callbacks for xdr_array()
* linux/zfs_nvops: don't use external iput() as a callback
* zcp_synctask: don't use fnvlist_free() as a callback
* zvol: don't use ops->zv_free() as a callback for taskq_dispatch()
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Mark Maybee <mark.maybee@delphix.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexander Lobakin <alobakin@pm.me>
Closes#12260
Reviewed-by: Allan Jude <allan@klarasystems.com>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@iXsystems.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
Closes#12378
arc_evict_hdr() returns number of evicted bytes in scope of specific
state. For ghost states it does not mean the amount of really freed
memory, but the logical buffer size. It is correct for the eviction
process, but not for waking up threads waiting for ARC size reduction,
as added in "Revise ARC shrinker algorithm" commit, causing premature
wakeups while ARC is still overflowed, allowing even bigger overflow,
plus processing overhead when next allocation will also get blocked,
probably also for too short time.
To fix that make arc_evict_hdr() also return the amount of really
freed memory, which for the ghost states is only the header, and use
it to update arc_evict_count instead. Originally I was thinking to
not return it at all, since arc_get_data_impl() does not account for
the headers, but decided that some slow allocation progress is better
than long waits, reaching on my tests up to 100ms.
To reduce negative latency effects of long time periods when reclaim
thread can free little real memory, start reclamation process earlier,
before we actually reached the overflow threshold, when we have to
throttle new allocations. We can also do it without taking global
arc_evict_lock, reducing the contention.
Reviewed-by: George Wilson <gwilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: Allan Jude <allan@klarasystems.com>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@iXsystems.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
Closes#12279
Callers of zfs_file_get and zfs_file_put can corrupt the reference
counts for the file structure resulting in a panic or a soft lockup.
When zfs send/recv runs, it will add a reference count to the
open file, and begin to send or recv the stream. If the file descriptor
is closed, then when dmu_recv_stream() or dmu_send() return we will
call zfs_file_put to remove the reference we placed on the file
structure. Unfortunately, because zfs_file_put() uses the file
descriptor to lookup the file structure, it may end up finding that
the file descriptor table no longer contains the file struct, thus
leaking the file structure. Or it might end up finding a file
descriptor for a different file and blindly updating its reference
counts. Other failure modes probably exists.
This change reworks the zfs_file_[get|put] interface to not rely
on the file descriptor but instead pass the zfs_file_t pointer around.
Reviewed-by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Mark Maybee <mark.maybee@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@iXsystems.com>
Co-authored-by: Allan Jude <allan@klarasystems.com>
Signed-off-by: George Wilson <gwilson@delphix.com>
External-issue: DLPX-76119
Closes#12299
Many FreeBSD disk drivers support "unmapped" I/O mode, when data
buffer represented not with a virtually contiguous KVA-mapped address
range, but with a list of physical memory pages. Originally it was
designed to do I/O from buffers without KVA mapping (unmapped). But
moving virtual addresses out of equation allows us to operate even
non-contiguous data buffers with one condition: all buffer discon-
tinuities must be aligned to memory page borders.
Doing I/O to capable GEOM device this patch traverses through non-
linear ABD buffers, validating the chunks borders. If the condition
is met, it supplies GEOM with the list of original physical memory
pages instead of copying the data into temporary contiguous buffer.
On capable hardware on pools with ashift=12 and default ABD chunk of
4KB it should handle all the I/O without additional memory copying.
Reviewed-by: Brian Atkinson <batkinson@lanl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@iXsystems.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
Closes#12320
It makes no sense to set it below PAGE_SIZE, since it increases all
overheads and makes returning memory to OS problematic. It makes no
sense to set it above PAGE_SIZE, since such allocations and especially
frees are too expensive and cause KVA fragmentation to benefit from
fewer chunks. After that it makes no sense to keep more complicated
math here.
What may have sense though is just a tunable border between linear and
scatter ABDs, previously also controlled by this tunable. Retain that
functionality by taking abd_scatter_min_size tunable from Linux, just
with different default value.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Brian Atkinson <batkinson@lanl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@iXsystems.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
Closes#12328
Fix a leak of abd_t that manifested mostly when using
raidzN with at least as many columns as N (e.g. a
four-disk raidz2 but not a three-disk raidz2).
Sufficiently heavy raidz use would eventually run a system
out of memory.
Additionally:
* Switch abd_cache arena to FIRSTFIT, which empirically
improves perofrmance.
* Make abd_chunk_cache more performant and debuggable.
* Allocate the abd_zero_buf from abd_chunk_cache rather
than the heap.
* Don't try to reap non-existent qcaches in abd_cache arena.
* KM_PUSHPAGE->KM_SLEEP when allocating chunks from their
own arena
Reviewed-by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
Signed-off-by: Jorgen Lundman <lundman@lundman.net>
Co-authored-by: Sean Doran <smd@use.net>
Closes#12295
In all places except two spa_get_random() is used for small values,
and the consumers do not require well seeded high quality values.
Switch those two exceptions directly to random_get_pseudo_bytes()
and optimize spa_get_random(), renaming it to random_in_range(),
since it is not related to SPA or ZFS in general.
On FreeBSD directly map random_in_range() to new prng32_bounded() KPI
added in FreeBSD 13. On Linux and in user-space just reduce the type
used to uint32_t to avoid more expensive 64bit division.
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@iXsystems.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
Sponsored-By: iXsystems, Inc.
Closes#12183
FreeBSD historically has not cared about the xattr property; it was
always treated as xattr=on. With xattr=on, xattrs are stored as files
in a hidden xattr directory. With xattr=sa, xattrs are stored as
system attributes and get cached in nvlists during xattr operations.
This makes SA xattrs simpler and more efficient to manipulate. FreeBSD
needs to implement the SA xattr operations for feature parity with
Linux and to ensure that SA xattrs are accessible when migrated or
replicated from Linux.
Following the example set by Linux, refactor our existing extattr vnops
to split off the parts handling dir style xattrs, and add the
corresponding SA handling parts.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
Signed-off-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@iXsystems.com>
Closes#11997
Convert use of ASSERT() to ASSERT0(), ASSERT3U(), ASSERT3S(),
ASSERT3P(), and likewise for VERIFY(). In some cases it ended up
making more sense to change the code, such as VERIFY on nvlist
operations that I have converted to use fnvlist instead. In one
place I changed an internal struct member from int to boolean_t to
match its use. Some asserts that combined multiple checks with &&
in a single assert have been split to separate asserts, to make it
apparent which check fails.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@iXsystems.com>
Closes#11971
Compiling with gcc 11.1.0 produces three new warnings.
Change the code slightly to avoid them.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Signed-off-by: Attila Fülöp <attila@fueloep.org>
Closes#12130Closes#12188Closes#12237
ZFS loves using %llu for uint64_t, but that requires a cast to not
be noisy - which is even done in many, though not all, places.
Also a couple places used %u for uint64_t, which were promoted
to %llu.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Rich Ercolani <rincebrain@gmail.com>
Closes#12233
wmsum was designed exactly for cases like these with many updates
and rare reads. It allows to completely avoid atomic operations on
congested global variables.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Mark Maybee <mark.maybee@delphix.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
Sponsored-By: iXsystems, Inc.
Closes#12172
In zfs_znode_alloc we always hash inodes. If the
znode is unlinked, we do not need to hash it. This
fixes the problem where zfs_suspend_fs is doing zrele
(iput) in an async fashion, and zfs_resume_fs unlinked
drain processing will try to hash an inode that could
still be hashed, resulting in a panic.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Alan Somers <asomers@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Zuchowski <pzuchowski@datto.com>
Closes#9741Closes#11223Closes#11648Closes#12210
This mostly reverts "3537 want pool io kstats" commit of 8 years ago.
From one side this code using pool-wide locks became pretty bad for
performance, creating significant lock contention in I/O pipeline.
From another, there are more efficient ways now to obtain detailed
statistics, while this statistics is illumos-specific and much less
usable on Linux and FreeBSD, reported only via procfs/sysctls.
This commit does not remove KSTAT_TYPE_IO implementation, that may
be removed later together with already unused KSTAT_TYPE_INTR and
KSTAT_TYPE_TIMER.
Reviewed-by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
Sponsored-By: iXsystems, Inc.
Closes#12212
`getfsstat(2)` is used to retrieve the list of mounted file systems,
which libzfs uses when fetching properties like mountpoint, atime,
setuid, etc. The `mode` parameter may be `MNT_NOWAIT`, which uses
information in the VFS's cache, or `MNT_WAIT`, which effectively does a
`statfs` on every single mounted file system in order to fetch the most
up-to-date information. As far as I can tell, the only fields that
libzfs cares about are the filesystem's name, mountpoint, fstypename,
and mount flags. Those things are always updated on mount and unmount,
so they will always be accurate in the VFS's mount cache except in two
circumstances:
1) When a file system is busy unmounting
2) When a ZFS file system changes the value of a mount-overridable
property like atime or setuid, but doesn't remount the file system.
Right now that only happens when the property is changed by an
unprivileged user who has delegated authority to change the property
but not to mount the dataset. But perhaps libzfs could choose to do
it for other reasons in the future.
Switching to `MNT_NOWAIT` will greatly improve speed with no downside,
as long as we explicitly update the mount cache whenever we change a
mount-overridable property.
For comparison, Illumos gets this information using the native
`getmntany` and `getmntent` functions, which also use cached
information. The illumos function that would refresh the cache,
`resetmnttab`, is never called by libzfs.
And on GNU/Linux, `getmntany` and `getmntent` don't even communicate
with the kernel directly. They simply parse the file they are given,
which is usually /etc/mtab or /proc/mounts. Perhaps the implementation
of /proc/mounts is synchronous, ala MNT_WAIT; I don't know.
Sponsored-by: Axcient
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@iXsystems.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Alan Somers <asomers@gmail.com>
Closes: #12091
VFS_QUOTACTL(9) has been updated to allow each filesystem to indicate
whether it has changed the busy state of the mount. The filesystem
may still assume that its .vfs_quotactl entrypoint is always called
with the mount busied, but only needs to unbusy the mount (and clear
*mp_busy) if it does something that actually requires the mount to be
unbusied. It no longer needs to blindly copy-paste the UFS protocol
for calling vfs_unbusy(9) for the Q_QUOTAOFF and Q_QUOTAON commands.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@iXsystems.com>
Signed-off-by: Jason Harmening <jason.harmening@gmail.com>
Closes#12052
For small objects the kernel's slab implementation is very fast and
space efficient. However, as the allocation size increases to
require multiple pages performance suffers. The SPL kmem cache
allocator was designed to better handle these large allocation
sizes. Therefore, on Linux the kmem_cache_* compatibility wrappers
prefer to use the kernel's slab allocator for small objects and
the custom SPL kmem cache allocator for larger objects.
This logic was effectively disabled for all architectures using
a non-4K page size which caused all kmem caches to only use the
SPL implementation. Functionally this is fine, but the SPL code
which calculates the target number of objects per-slab does not
take in to account that __vmalloc() always returns page-aligned
memory. This can result in a massive amount of wasted space when
allocating tiny objects on a platform using large pages (64k).
To resolve this issue we set the spl_kmem_cache_slab_limit cutoff
to 16K for all architectures.
This particular change does not attempt to update the logic used
to calculate the optimal number of pages per slab. This remains
an issue which should be addressed in a future change.
Reviewed-by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: Tony Nguyen <tony.nguyen@delphix.com>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#12152Closes#11429Closes#11574Closes#12150
Both were removed in 4fbdb10c7b ("remove
kmem_cache module parameter KMC_EXPIRE_AGE")
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Richard Laager <rlaager@wiktel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ahelenia Ziemiańska <nabijaczleweli@nabijaczleweli.xyz>
Closes#12157
The additional iter advance is incorrect, as copy_from_iter() has
already done the right thing. This will result in the following
warning being printed to the console as of the 5.12 kernel.
Attempted to advance past end of bvec iter
This change should have been included with #11378 when a
similar change was made on the read side.
Suggested-by: @siebenmann
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Rich Ercolani <rincebrain@gmail.com>
Issue #11378Closes#12041Closes#12155
Just like #12087, the set_acl signature changed with all the bolted-on
*userns parameters, which disabled set_acl usage, and caused #12076.
Turn zpl_set_acl into zpl_set_acl and zpl_set_acl_impl, and add a
new configure test for the new version.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Rich Ercolani <rincebrain@gmail.com>
Closes#12076Closes#12093
Previous commit added accounting for geom mode, but not for dev.
In geom mode we actually have GEOM statistics, while in dev mode
additional accounting actually makes more sense.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@iXsystems.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
Closes#12097
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@ixsystems.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
Closes#12049
ZFS does not expect transient errors from crypto. For read they are
counted as checksum errors, while for write end up in panic. To not
panic on random low memory conditions retry ENOMEM errors in the OCF
wrapper function.
While there remove unneeded timeout and priority from msleep().
External-issue: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D30339
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Mark Maybee <mark.maybee@delphix.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
Sponsored-By: iXsystems, Inc.
Closes#12077
I looked for a bit, and couldn't find any documentation on
how to print all logged dbgmsg entries, just messages since
the DTrace probe started, until @allanjude kindly pointed me
toward the sysctl.
So let's add that note where the DTrace probe is mentioned for
FreeBSD, so other people can find it.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@iXsystems.com>
Reviewed-by: Allan Jude <allan@klarasystems.com>
Signed-off-by: Rich Ercolani <rincebrain@gmail.com>
Closes#12113
Aidan Harris
Mateusz Guzik
szubersk
Brian Atkinson
Ka Ho Ng
наб
Brian Behlendorf
Alexander Motin
Rich Ercolani
Mark Johnston
Riccardo Schirone
Ryan Moeller
Kyle Evans
Paul Dagnelie
drowfx
George Amanakis
Finix1979
Rich Ercolani
Ryan Moeller
chrisrd
Alan Somers
Mark Johnston
Pawel Jakub Dawidek
Damian Szuberski
Coleman Kane
Richard Yao
Allan Jude
hedongzhang
Alexander
George Wilson
Jorgen Lundman
Attila Fülöp
Paul Zuchowski
jharmening