Block Cloning allows to manually clone a file (or a subset of its
blocks) into another (or the same) file by just creating additional
references to the data blocks without copying the data itself.
Those references are kept in the Block Reference Tables (BRTs).
The whole design of block cloning is documented in module/zfs/brt.c.
Reviewed-by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
Reviewed-by: Christian Schwarz <christian.schwarz@nutanix.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Rich Ercolani <rincebrain@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Pawel Jakub Dawidek <pawel@dawidek.net>
Closes#13392
Implement support for Linux's RENAME_* flags (for renameat2). Aside from
being quite useful for userspace (providing race-free ways to exchange
paths and implement mv --no-clobber), they are used by overlayfs and are
thus required in order to use overlayfs-on-ZFS.
In order for us to represent the new renameat2(2) flags in the ZIL, we
create two new transaction types for the two flags which need
transactional-level support (RENAME_EXCHANGE and RENAME_WHITEOUT).
RENAME_NOREPLACE does not need any ZIL support because we know that if
the operation succeeded before creating the ZIL entry, there was no file
to be clobbered and thus it can be treated as a regular TX_RENAME.
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@iXsystems.com>
Reviewed-by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Pavel Snajdr <snajpa@snajpa.net>
Signed-off-by: Aleksa Sarai <cyphar@cyphar.com>
Closes#12209Closes#14070
Coverity complains about possible bugs involving referencing NULL return
values and division by zero. The division by zero bugs require that a
block pointer be corrupt, either from in-memory corruption, or on-disk
corruption. The NULL return value complaints are only bugs if
assumptions that we make about the state of data structures are wrong.
Some seem impossible to be wrong and thus are false positives, while
others are hard to analyze.
Rather than dismiss these as false positives by assuming we know better,
we add defensive assertions to let us know when our assumptions are
wrong.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Richard Yao <richard.yao@alumni.stonybrook.edu>
Closes#13972
As such, there are no specific synchronous semantics defined for
the xattrs. But for xattr=on, it does log to ZIL and zil_commit() is
done, if sync=always is set on dataset. This provides sync semantics
for xattr=on with sync=always set on dataset.
For the xattr=sa implementation, it doesn't log to ZIL, so, even with
sync=always, xattrs are not guaranteed to be synced before xattr call
returns to caller. So, xattr can be lost if system crash happens, before
txg carrying xattr transaction is synced.
This change adds xattr=sa logging to ZIL on xattr create/remove/update
and xattrs are synced to ZIL (zil_commit() done) for sync=always.
This makes xattr=sa behavior similar to xattr=on.
Implementation notes:
The actual logging is fairly straight-forward and does not warrant
additional explanation.
However, it has been 14 years since we last added new TX types
to the ZIL [1], hence this is the first time we do it after the
introduction of zpool features. Therefore, here is an overview of the
feature activation and deactivation workflow:
1. The feature must be enabled. Otherwise, we don't log the new
record type. This ensures compatibility with older software.
2. The feature is activated per-dataset, since the ZIL is per-dataset.
3. If the feature is enabled and dataset is not for zvol, any append to
the ZIL chain will activate the feature for the dataset. Likewise
for starting a new ZIL chain.
4. A dataset that doesn't have a ZIL chain has the feature deactivated.
We ensure (3) by activating on the first zil_commit() after the feature
was enabled. Since activating the features requires waiting for txg
sync, the first zil_commit() after enabling the feature will be slower
than usual. The downside is that this is really a conservative
approximation: even if we never append a 'TX_SETSAXATTR' to the ZIL
chain, we pay the penalty for feature activation. The upside is that the
user is in control of when we pay the penalty, i.e., upon enabling the
feature.
We ensure (4) by hooking into zil_sync(), where ZIL destroy actually
happens.
One more piece on feature activation, since it's spread across
multiple functions:
zil_commit()
zil_process_commit_list()
if lwb == NULL // first zil_commit since zil_open
zil_create()
if no log block pointer in ZIL header:
if feature enabled and not active:
// CASE 1
enable, COALESCE txg wait with dmu_tx that allocated the
log block
else // log block was allocated earlier than this zil_open
if feature enabled and not active:
// CASE 2
enable, EXPLICIT txg wait
else // already have an in-DRAM LWB
if feature enabled and not active:
// this happens when we enable the feature after zil_create
// CASE 3
enable, EXPLICIT txg wait
[1] da6c28aaf6
Reviewed-by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: Christian Schwarz <christian.schwarz@nutanix.com>
Reviewed-by: Ahelenia Ziemiańska <nabijaczleweli@nabijaczleweli.xyz>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <freqlabs@FreeBSD.org>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Jitendra Patidar <jitendra.patidar@nutanix.com>
Closes#8768Closes#9078
Code cleanup, a follow up commit to 4d55ea81.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@iXsystems.com>
Co-authored-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@freqlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Christian Schwarz <me@cschwarz.com>
Closes#11020
Details about the motivation of this feature and its usage can
be found in this blogpost:
https://sdimitro.github.io/post/zpool-checkpoint/
A lightning talk of this feature can be found here:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fPQA8K40jAM
Implementation details can be found in big block comment of
spa_checkpoint.c
Side-changes that are relevant to this commit but not explained
elsewhere:
* renames members of "struct metaslab trees to be shorter without
losing meaning
* space_map_{alloc,truncate}() accept a block size as a
parameter. The reason is that in the current state all space
maps that we allocate through the DMU use a global tunable
(space_map_blksz) which defauls to 4KB. This is ok for metaslab
space maps in terms of bandwirdth since they are scattered all
over the disk. But for other space maps this default is probably
not what we want. Examples are device removal's vdev_obsolete_sm
or vdev_chedkpoint_sm from this review. Both of these have a
1:1 relationship with each vdev and could benefit from a bigger
block size.
Porting notes:
* The part of dsl_scan_sync() which handles async destroys has
been moved into the new dsl_process_async_destroys() function.
* Remove "VERIFY(!(flags & FWRITE))" in "kernel.c" so zhack can write
to block device backed pools.
* ZTS:
* Fix get_txg() in zpool_sync_001_pos due to "checkpoint_txg".
* Don't use large dd block sizes on /dev/urandom under Linux in
checkpoint_capacity.
* Adopt Delphix-OS's setting of 4 (spa_asize_inflation =
SPA_DVAS_PER_BP + 1) for the checkpoint_capacity test to speed
its attempts to fill the pool
* Create the base and nested pools with sync=disabled to speed up
the "setup" phase.
* Clear labels in test pool between checkpoint tests to avoid
duplicate pool issues.
* The import_rewind_device_replaced test has been marked as "known
to fail" for the reasons listed in its DISCLAIMER.
* New module parameters:
zfs_spa_discard_memory_limit,
zfs_remove_max_bytes_pause (not documented - debugging only)
vdev_max_ms_count (formerly metaslabs_per_vdev)
vdev_min_ms_count
Authored by: Serapheim Dimitropoulos <serapheim.dimitro@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: John Kennedy <john.kennedy@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Dan Kimmel <dan.kimmel@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Approved by: Richard Lowe <richlowe@richlowe.net>
Ported-by: Tim Chase <tim@chase2k.com>
Signed-off-by: Tim Chase <tim@chase2k.com>
OpenZFS-issue: https://illumos.org/issues/9166
OpenZFS-commit: https://github.com/openzfs/openzfs/commit/7159fdb8Closes#7570
Fix compiler warnings in zdb. With these changes, FreeBSD can compile
zdb with all compiler warnings enabled save -Wunused-parameter.
usr/src/cmd/zdb/zdb.c
usr/src/cmd/zdb/zdb_il.c
usr/src/uts/common/fs/zfs/sys/sa.h
usr/src/uts/common/fs/zfs/sys/spa.h
Fix numerous warnings, including:
* const-correctness
* shadowing global definitions
* signed vs unsigned comparisons
* missing prototypes, or missing static declarations
* unused variables and functions
* Unreadable array initializations
* Missing struct initializers
usr/src/cmd/zdb/zdb.h
Add a header file to declare common symbols
usr/src/lib/libzpool/common/sys/zfs_context.h
usr/src/uts/common/fs/zfs/arc.c
usr/src/uts/common/fs/zfs/dbuf.c
usr/src/uts/common/fs/zfs/spa.c
usr/src/uts/common/fs/zfs/txg.c
Add a function prototype for zk_thread_create, and ensure that every
callback supplied to this function actually matches the prototype.
usr/src/cmd/ztest/ztest.c
usr/src/uts/common/fs/zfs/sys/zil.h
usr/src/uts/common/fs/zfs/zfs_replay.c
usr/src/uts/common/fs/zfs/zvol.c
Add a function prototype for zil_replay_func_t, and ensure that
every function of this type actually matches the prototype.
usr/src/uts/common/fs/zfs/sys/refcount.h
Change FTAG so it discards any constness of __func__, necessary
since existing APIs expect it passed as void *.
Porting Notes:
- Many of these fixes have already been applied to Linux. For
consistency the OpenZFS version of a change was applied if the
warning was addressed in an equivalent but different fashion.
Reviewed by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Prakash Surya <prakash.surya@delphix.com>
Authored by: Alan Somers <asomers@gmail.com>
Approved by: Richard Lowe <richlowe@richlowe.net>
Ported-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
OpenZFS-issue: https://www.illumos.org/issues/8081
OpenZFS-commit: https://github.com/openzfs/openzfs/commit/843abe1b8aCloses#6787
This change incorporates three major pieces:
The first change is a keystore that manages wrapping
and encryption keys for encrypted datasets. These
commands mostly involve manipulating the new
DSL Crypto Key ZAP Objects that live in the MOS. Each
encrypted dataset has its own DSL Crypto Key that is
protected with a user's key. This level of indirection
allows users to change their keys without re-encrypting
their entire datasets. The change implements the new
subcommands "zfs load-key", "zfs unload-key" and
"zfs change-key" which allow the user to manage their
encryption keys and settings. In addition, several new
flags and properties have been added to allow dataset
creation and to make mounting and unmounting more
convenient.
The second piece of this patch provides the ability to
encrypt, decyrpt, and authenticate protected datasets.
Each object set maintains a Merkel tree of Message
Authentication Codes that protect the lower layers,
similarly to how checksums are maintained. This part
impacts the zio layer, which handles the actual
encryption and generation of MACs, as well as the ARC
and DMU, which need to be able to handle encrypted
buffers and protected data.
The last addition is the ability to do raw, encrypted
sends and receives. The idea here is to send raw
encrypted and compressed data and receive it exactly
as is on a backup system. This means that the dataset
on the receiving system is protected using the same
user key that is in use on the sending side. By doing
so, datasets can be efficiently backed up to an
untrusted system without fear of data being
compromised.
Reviewed by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Jorgen Lundman <lundman@lundman.net>
Signed-off-by: Tom Caputi <tcaputi@datto.com>
Closes#494Closes#5769
Justification
-------------
This feature adds support for variable length dnodes. Our motivation is
to eliminate the overhead associated with using spill blocks. Spill
blocks are used to store system attribute data (i.e. file metadata) that
does not fit in the dnode's bonus buffer. By allowing a larger bonus
buffer area the use of a spill block can be avoided. Spill blocks
potentially incur an additional read I/O for every dnode in a dnode
block. As a worst case example, reading 32 dnodes from a 16k dnode block
and all of the spill blocks could issue 33 separate reads. Now suppose
those dnodes have size 1024 and therefore don't need spill blocks. Then
the worst case number of blocks read is reduced to from 33 to two--one
per dnode block. In practice spill blocks may tend to be co-located on
disk with the dnode blocks so the reduction in I/O would not be this
drastic. In a badly fragmented pool, however, the improvement could be
significant.
ZFS-on-Linux systems that make heavy use of extended attributes would
benefit from this feature. In particular, ZFS-on-Linux supports the
xattr=sa dataset property which allows file extended attribute data
to be stored in the dnode bonus buffer as an alternative to the
traditional directory-based format. Workloads such as SELinux and the
Lustre distributed filesystem often store enough xattr data to force
spill bocks when xattr=sa is in effect. Large dnodes may therefore
provide a performance benefit to such systems.
Other use cases that may benefit from this feature include files with
large ACLs and symbolic links with long target names. Furthermore,
this feature may be desirable on other platforms in case future
applications or features are developed that could make use of a
larger bonus buffer area.
Implementation
--------------
The size of a dnode may be a multiple of 512 bytes up to the size of
a dnode block (currently 16384 bytes). A dn_extra_slots field was
added to the current on-disk dnode_phys_t structure to describe the
size of the physical dnode on disk. The 8 bits for this field were
taken from the zero filled dn_pad2 field. The field represents how
many "extra" dnode_phys_t slots a dnode consumes in its dnode block.
This convention results in a value of 0 for 512 byte dnodes which
preserves on-disk format compatibility with older software.
Similarly, the in-memory dnode_t structure has a new dn_num_slots field
to represent the total number of dnode_phys_t slots consumed on disk.
Thus dn->dn_num_slots is 1 greater than the corresponding
dnp->dn_extra_slots. This difference in convention was adopted
because, unlike on-disk structures, backward compatibility is not a
concern for in-memory objects, so we used a more natural way to
represent size for a dnode_t.
The default size for newly created dnodes is determined by the value of
a new "dnodesize" dataset property. By default the property is set to
"legacy" which is compatible with older software. Setting the property
to "auto" will allow the filesystem to choose the most suitable dnode
size. Currently this just sets the default dnode size to 1k, but future
code improvements could dynamically choose a size based on observed
workload patterns. Dnodes of varying sizes can coexist within the same
dataset and even within the same dnode block. For example, to enable
automatically-sized dnodes, run
# zfs set dnodesize=auto tank/fish
The user can also specify literal values for the dnodesize property.
These are currently limited to powers of two from 1k to 16k. The
power-of-2 limitation is only for simplicity of the user interface.
Internally the implementation can handle any multiple of 512 up to 16k,
and consumers of the DMU API can specify any legal dnode value.
The size of a new dnode is determined at object allocation time and
stored as a new field in the znode in-memory structure. New DMU
interfaces are added to allow the consumer to specify the dnode size
that a newly allocated object should use. Existing interfaces are
unchanged to avoid having to update every call site and to preserve
compatibility with external consumers such as Lustre. The new
interfaces names are given below. The versions of these functions that
don't take a dnodesize parameter now just call the _dnsize() versions
with a dnodesize of 0, which means use the legacy dnode size.
New DMU interfaces:
dmu_object_alloc_dnsize()
dmu_object_claim_dnsize()
dmu_object_reclaim_dnsize()
New ZAP interfaces:
zap_create_dnsize()
zap_create_norm_dnsize()
zap_create_flags_dnsize()
zap_create_claim_norm_dnsize()
zap_create_link_dnsize()
The constant DN_MAX_BONUSLEN is renamed to DN_OLD_MAX_BONUSLEN. The
spa_maxdnodesize() function should be used to determine the maximum
bonus length for a pool.
These are a few noteworthy changes to key functions:
* The prototype for dnode_hold_impl() now takes a "slots" parameter.
When the DNODE_MUST_BE_FREE flag is set, this parameter is used to
ensure the hole at the specified object offset is large enough to
hold the dnode being created. The slots parameter is also used
to ensure a dnode does not span multiple dnode blocks. In both of
these cases, if a failure occurs, ENOSPC is returned. Keep in mind,
these failure cases are only possible when using DNODE_MUST_BE_FREE.
If the DNODE_MUST_BE_ALLOCATED flag is set, "slots" must be 0.
dnode_hold_impl() will check if the requested dnode is already
consumed as an extra dnode slot by an large dnode, in which case
it returns ENOENT.
* The function dmu_object_alloc() advances to the next dnode block
if dnode_hold_impl() returns an error for a requested object.
This is because the beginning of the next dnode block is the only
location it can safely assume to either be a hole or a valid
starting point for a dnode.
* dnode_next_offset_level() and other functions that iterate
through dnode blocks may no longer use a simple array indexing
scheme. These now use the current dnode's dn_num_slots field to
advance to the next dnode in the block. This is to ensure we
properly skip the current dnode's bonus area and don't interpret it
as a valid dnode.
zdb
---
The zdb command was updated to display a dnode's size under the
"dnsize" column when the object is dumped.
For ZIL create log records, zdb will now display the slot count for
the object.
ztest
-----
Ztest chooses a random dnodesize for every newly created object. The
random distribution is more heavily weighted toward small dnodes to
better simulate real-world datasets.
Unused bonus buffer space is filled with non-zero values computed from
the object number, dataset id, offset, and generation number. This
helps ensure that the dnode traversal code properly skips the interior
regions of large dnodes, and that these interior regions are not
overwritten by data belonging to other dnodes. A new test visits each
object in a dataset. It verifies that the actual dnode size matches what
was stored in the ztest block tag when it was created. It also verifies
that the unused bonus buffer space is filled with the expected data
patterns.
ZFS Test Suite
--------------
Added six new large dnode-specific tests, and integrated the dnodesize
property into existing tests for zfs allow and send/recv.
Send/Receive
------------
ZFS send streams for datasets containing large dnodes cannot be received
on pools that don't support the large_dnode feature. A send stream with
large dnodes sets a DMU_BACKUP_FEATURE_LARGE_DNODE flag which will be
unrecognized by an incompatible receiving pool so that the zfs receive
will fail gracefully.
While not implemented here, it may be possible to generate a
backward-compatible send stream from a dataset containing large
dnodes. The implementation may be tricky, however, because the send
object record for a large dnode would need to be resized to a 512
byte dnode, possibly kicking in a spill block in the process. This
means we would need to construct a new SA layout and possibly
register it in the SA layout object. The SA layout is normally just
sent as an ordinary object record. But if we are constructing new
layouts while generating the send stream we'd have to build the SA
layout object dynamically and send it at the end of the stream.
For sending and receiving between pools that do support large dnodes,
the drr_object send record type is extended with a new field to store
the dnode slot count. This field was repurposed from unused padding
in the structure.
ZIL Replay
----------
The dnode slot count is stored in the uppermost 8 bits of the lr_foid
field. The bits were unused as the object id is currently capped at
48 bits.
Resizing Dnodes
---------------
It should be possible to resize a dnode when it is dirtied if the
current dnodesize dataset property differs from the dnode's size, but
this functionality is not currently implemented. Clearly a dnode can
only grow if there are sufficient contiguous unused slots in the
dnode block, but it should always be possible to shrink a dnode.
Growing dnodes may be useful to reduce fragmentation in a pool with
many spill blocks in use. Shrinking dnodes may be useful to allow
sending a dataset to a pool that doesn't support the large_dnode
feature.
Feature Reference Counting
--------------------------
The reference count for the large_dnode pool feature tracks the
number of datasets that have ever contained a dnode of size larger
than 512 bytes. The first time a large dnode is created in a dataset
the dataset is converted to an extensible dataset. This is a one-way
operation and the only way to decrement the feature count is to
destroy the dataset, even if the dataset no longer contains any large
dnodes. The complexity of reference counting on a per-dnode basis was
too high, so we chose to track it on a per-dataset basis similarly to
the large_block feature.
Signed-off-by: Ned Bass <bass6@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#3542
Allocating SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE on the stack is a bad idea (even with the
old 128K size). Use malloc instead when allocating temporary block
buffer memory.
Signed-off-by: Don Brady <don.brady@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#3522
4914 zfs on-disk bookmark structure should be named *_phys_t
Reviewed by: George Wilson <george.wilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Christopher Siden <christopher.siden@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Richard Lowe <richlowe@richlowe.net>
Reviewed by: Saso Kiselkov <skiselkov.ml@gmail.com>
Approved by: Robert Mustacchi <rm@joyent.com>
References:
https://www.illumos.org/issues/4914https://github.com/illumos/illumos-gate/commit/7802d7b
Porting notes:
There were a number of zfsonlinux-specific uses of zbookmark_t which
needed to be updated. This should reduce the likelihood of further
problems like issue #2094 from occurring.
Ported by: Tim Chase <tim@chase2k.com>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#2558
4370 avoid transmitting holes during zfs send
4371 DMU code clean up
Reviewed by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: George Wilson <george.wilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Christopher Siden <christopher.siden@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Josef 'Jeff' Sipek <jeffpc@josefsipek.net>
Approved by: Garrett D'Amore <garrett@damore.org>a
References:
https://www.illumos.org/issues/4370https://www.illumos.org/issues/4371https://github.com/illumos/illumos-gate/commit/43466aa
Ported by: Tim Chase <tim@chase2k.com>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#2529
Without this fix the zdb printouts of ZIL data blocks look full of FF
due to printf() handling its arguments as int by default.
Here is the output before the fix
TX_WRITE len 4136, txg 1093817, seq 149231
foid 4242, offset 0, length f68
G FFFFFF8EFFFFFF87FFFFFF91FFFFFFCC 1c
FFFFFFAFFFFFFFC9FFFFFFBAZ FFFFFFC3
And the same after the fix
TX_WRITE len 4136, txg 1093817, seq 149231
foid 4242, offset 0, length f68
G 8E8791CC 1cAFC9BAZ C3
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#962
Pawel Jakub Dawidek
Aleksa Sarai
Richard Yao
Tino Reichardt
Jitendra Patidar
наб
Christian Schwarz
Serapheim Dimitropoulos
Brian Behlendorf
Tom Caputi
David Quigley
Ned Bass
Don Brady
Matthew Ahrens
Max Grossman
Cyril Plisko