PROBLEM
=======
It's possible for a parent zio to complete even though it has children
which have not completed. This can result in the following panic:
> $C
ffffff01809128c0 vpanic()
ffffff01809128e0 mutex_panic+0x58(fffffffffb94c904, ffffff597dde7f80)
ffffff0180912950 mutex_vector_enter+0x347(ffffff597dde7f80)
ffffff01809129b0 zio_remove_child+0x50(ffffff597dde7c58, ffffff32bd901ac0,
ffffff3373370908)
ffffff0180912a40 zio_done+0x390(ffffff32bd901ac0)
ffffff0180912a70 zio_execute+0x78(ffffff32bd901ac0)
ffffff0180912b30 taskq_thread+0x2d0(ffffff33bae44140)
ffffff0180912b40 thread_start+8()
> ::status
debugging crash dump vmcore.2 (64-bit) from batfs0390
operating system: 5.11 joyent_20170911T171900Z (i86pc)
image uuid: (not set)
panic message: mutex_enter: bad mutex, lp=ffffff597dde7f80
owner=ffffff3c59b39480 thread=ffffff0180912c40
dump content: kernel pages only
The problem is that dbuf_prefetch along with l2arc can create a zio tree
which confuses the parent zio and allows it to complete with while children
still exist. Here's the scenario:
zio tree:
pio
|--- lio
The parent zio, pio, has entered the zio_done stage and begins to check its
children to see there are still some that have not completed. In zio_done(),
the children are checked in the following order:
zio_wait_for_children(zio, ZIO_CHILD_VDEV, ZIO_WAIT_DONE)
zio_wait_for_children(zio, ZIO_CHILD_GANG, ZIO_WAIT_DONE)
zio_wait_for_children(zio, ZIO_CHILD_DDT, ZIO_WAIT_DONE)
zio_wait_for_children(zio, ZIO_CHILD_LOGICAL, ZIO_WAIT_DONE)
If pio, finds any child which has not completed then it stops executing and
goes to sleep. Each call to zio_wait_for_children() will grab the io_lock
while checking the particular child.
In this scenario, the pio has completed the first call to
zio_wait_for_children() to check for any ZIO_CHILD_VDEV children. Since
the only zio in the zio tree right now is the logical zio, lio, then it
completes that call and prepares to check the next child type.
In the meantime, the lio completes and in its callback creates a child vdev
zio, cio. The zio tree looks like this:
zio tree:
pio
|--- lio
|--- cio
The lio then grabs the parent's io_lock and removes itself.
zio tree:
pio
|--- cio
The pio continues to run but has already completed its check for ZIO_CHILD_VDEV
and will erroneously complete. When the child zio, cio, completes it will panic
the system trying to reference the parent zio which has been destroyed.
SOLUTION
========
The fix is to rework the zio_wait_for_children() logic to accept a bitfield
for all the children types that it's interested in checking. The
io_lock will is held the entire time we check all the children types. Since
the function now accepts a bitfield, a simple ZIO_CHILD_BIT() macro is provided
to allow for the conversion between a ZIO_CHILD type and the bitfield used by
the zio_wiat_for_children logic.
Authored by: George Wilson <george.wilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Andriy Gapon <avg@FreeBSD.org>
Reviewed by: Youzhong Yang <youzhong@gmail.com>
Reviewed by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Approved by: Dan McDonald <danmcd@omniti.com>
Ported-by: Giuseppe Di Natale <dinatale2@llnl.gov>
OpenZFS-issue: https://www.illumos.org/issues/8857
OpenZFS-commit: https://github.com/openzfs/openzfs/commit/862ff6d99c
Issue #5918Closes#7168
The intent of this patch is extend the existing deadman code
such that it's flexible enough to be used by both ztest and
on production systems. The proposed changes include:
* Added a new `zfs_deadman_failmode` module option which is
used to dynamically control the behavior of the deadman. It's
loosely modeled after, but independant from, the pool failmode
property. It can be set to wait, continue, or panic.
* wait - Wait for the "hung" I/O (default)
* continue - Attempt to recover from a "hung" I/O
* panic - Panic the system
* Added a new `zfs_deadman_ziotime_ms` module option which is
analogous to `zfs_deadman_synctime_ms` except instead of
applying to a pool TXG sync it applies to zio_wait(). A
default value of 300s is used to define a "hung" zio.
* The ztest deadman thread has been re-enabled by default,
aligned with the upstream OpenZFS code, and then extended
to terminate the process when it takes significantly longer
to complete than expected.
* The -G option was added to ztest to print the internal debug
log when a fatal error is encountered. This same option was
previously added to zdb in commit fa603f82. Update zloop.sh
to unconditionally pass -G to obtain additional debugging.
* The FM_EREPORT_ZFS_DELAY event which was previously posted
when the deadman detect a "hung" pool has been replaced by
a new dedicated FM_EREPORT_ZFS_DEADMAN event.
* The proposed recovery logic attempts to restart a "hung"
zio by calling zio_interrupt() on any outstanding leaf zios.
We may want to further restrict this to zios in either the
ZIO_STAGE_VDEV_IO_START or ZIO_STAGE_VDEV_IO_DONE stages.
Calling zio_interrupt() is expected to only be useful for
cases when an IO has been submitted to the physical device
but for some reasonable the completion callback hasn't been
called by the lower layers. This shouldn't be possible but
has been observed and may be caused by kernel/driver bugs.
* The 'zfs_deadman_synctime_ms' default value was reduced from
1000s to 600s.
* Depending on how ztest fails there may be no cache file to
move. This should not be considered fatal, collect the logs
which are available and carry on.
* Add deadman test cases for spa_deadman() and zio_wait().
* Increase default zfs_deadman_checktime_ms to 60s.
Reviewed-by: Tim Chase <tim@chase2k.com>
Reviewed by: Thomas Caputi <tcaputi@datto.com>
Reviewed-by: Giuseppe Di Natale <dinatale2@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#6999
Authored by: Prakash Surya <prakash.surya@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: John Kennedy <jwk404@gmail.com>
Reviewed by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: George Wilson <george.wilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Brad Lewis <brad.lewis@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Igor Kozhukhov <igor@dilos.org>
Reviewed by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Approved by: Robert Mustacchi <rm@joyent.com>
Ported-by: Prakash Surya <prakash.surya@delphix.com>
PROBLEM
=======
There's a race condition that exists if `zil_free_lwb` races with either
`zil_commit_waiter_timeout` and/or `zil_lwb_flush_vdevs_done`.
Here's an example panic due to this bug:
> ::status
debugging crash dump vmcore.0 (64-bit) from ip-10-110-205-40
operating system: 5.11 dlpx-5.2.2.0_2017-12-04-17-28-32b6ba51fb (i86pc)
image uuid: 4af0edfb-e58e-6ed8-cafc-d3e9167c7513
panic message:
BAD TRAP: type=e (#pf Page fault) rp=ffffff0010555970 addr=60 occurred in module "zfs" due to a NULL pointer dereference
dump content: kernel pages only
> $c
zio_shrink+0x12()
zil_lwb_write_issue+0x30d(ffffff03dcd15cc0, ffffff03e0730e20)
zil_commit_waiter_timeout+0xa2(ffffff03dcd15cc0, ffffff03d97ffcf8)
zil_commit_waiter+0xf3(ffffff03dcd15cc0, ffffff03d97ffcf8)
zil_commit+0x80(ffffff03dcd15cc0, 9a9)
zfs_write+0xc34(ffffff03dc38b140, ffffff0010555e60, 40, ffffff03e00fb758, 0)
fop_write+0x5b(ffffff03dc38b140, ffffff0010555e60, 40, ffffff03e00fb758, 0)
write+0x250(42, fffffd7ff4832000, 2000)
sys_syscall+0x177()
If there's an outstanding lwb that's in `zil_commit_waiter_timeout`
waiting to timeout, waiting on it's waiter's CV, we must be sure not to
call `zil_free_lwb`. If we end up calling `zil_free_lwb`, then that LWB
may be freed and can result in a use-after-free situation where the
stale lwb pointer stored in the `zil_commit_waiter_t` structure of the
thread waiting on the waiter's CV is used.
A similar situation can occur if an lwb is issued to disk, and thus in
the `LWB_STATE_ISSUED` state, and `zil_free_lwb` is called while the
disk is servicing that lwb. In this situation, the lwb will be freed by
`zil_free_lwb`, which will result in a use-after-free situation when the
lwb's zio completes, and `zil_lwb_flush_vdevs_done` is called.
This race condition is prevented in `zil_close` by calling `zil_commit`
before `zil_free_lwb` is called, which will ensure all outstanding (i.e.
all lwb's in the `LWB_STATE_OPEN` and/or `LWB_STATE_ISSUED` states)
reach the `LWB_STATE_DONE` state before the lwb's are freed
(`zil_commit` will not return untill all the lwb's are
`LWB_STATE_DONE`).
Further, this race condition is prevented in `zil_sync` by only calling
`zil_free_lwb` for lwb's that do not have their `lwb_buf` pointer set.
All lwb's not in the `LWB_STATE_DONE` state will have a non-null value
for this pointer; the pointer is only cleared in
`zil_lwb_flush_vdevs_done`, at which point the lwb's state will be
changed to `LWB_STATE_DONE`.
This race *is* present in `zil_suspend`, leading to this bug.
At first glance, it would appear as though this would not be true
because `zil_suspend` will call `zil_commit`, just like `zil_close`, but
the problem is that `zil_suspend` will set the zilog's `zl_suspend`
field prior to calling `zil_commit`. Further, in `zil_commit`, if
`zl_suspend` is set, `zil_commit` will take a special branch of logic
and use `txg_wait_synced` instead of performing the normal `zil_commit`
logic.
This call to `txg_wait_synced` might be good enough for the data to
reach disk safely before it returns, but it does not ensure that all
outstanding lwb's reach the `LWB_STATE_DONE` state before it returns.
This is because, if there's an lwb "stuck" in
`zil_commit_waiter_timeout`, waiting for it's lwb to timeout, it will
maintain a non-null value for it's `lwb_buf` field and thus `zil_sync`
will not free that lwb. Thus, even though the lwb's data is already on
disk, the lwb will be left lingering, waiting on the CV, and will
eventually timeout and be issued to disk even though the write is
unnecessary.
So, after `zil_commit` is called from `zil_suspend`, we incorrectly
assume that there are not outstanding lwb's, and proceed to free all
lwb's found on the zilog's lwb list. As a result, we free the lwb that
will later be used `zil_commit_waiter_timeout`.
SOLUTION
========
The solution to this, is to ensure all outstanding lwb's complete before
calling `zil_free_lwb` via `zil_destroy` in `zil_suspend`. This patch
accomplishes this goal by forcing the normal `zil_commit` logic when
called from `zil_sync`.
Now, `zil_suspend` will call `zil_commit_impl` which will always use the
normal logic of waiting/issuing lwb's to disk before it returns. As a
result, any lwb's outstanding when `zil_commit_impl` is called will be
guaranteed to reach the `LWB_STATE_DONE` state by the time it returns.
Further, no new lwb's will be created via `zil_commit` since the zilog's
`zl_suspend` flag will be set. This will force all new callers of
`zil_commit` to use `txg_wait_synced` instead of creating and issuing
new lwb's.
Thus, all lwb's left on the zilog's lwb list when `zil_destroy` is
called will be in the `LWB_STATE_DONE` state, and we'll avoid this race
condition.
OpenZFS-issue: https://www.illumos.org/issues/8909
OpenZFS-commit: https://github.com/openzfs/openzfs/commit/ece62b6f8dCloses#6940
When sequential scrubs were merged, all calls to arc_read()
(including prefetch IOs) were given ZIO_PRIORITY_ASYNC_READ.
Unfortunately, this behaves badly with an existing issue where
prefetch IOs cannot be re-prioritized after the issue. The
result is that synchronous reads end up in the same vdev_queue
as the scrub IOs and can have (in some workloads) multiple
seconds of latency.
This patch incorporates 2 changes. The first ensures that all
scrub IOs are given ZIO_PRIORITY_SCRUB to allow the vdev_queue
code to differentiate between these I/Os and user prefetches.
Second, this patch introduces zio_change_priority() to provide
the missing capability to upgrade a zio's priority.
Reviewed by: George Wilson <george.wilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Tom Caputi <tcaputi@datto.com>
Closes#6921Closes#6926
Authored by: Prakash Surya <prakash.surya@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Brad Lewis <brad.lewis@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Matt Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: George Wilson <george.wilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Approved by: Dan McDonald <danmcd@joyent.com>
Ported-by: Prakash Surya <prakash.surya@delphix.com>
Problem
=======
The current implementation of zil_commit() can introduce significant
latency, beyond what is inherent due to the latency of the underlying
storage. The additional latency comes from two main problems:
1. When there's outstanding ZIL blocks being written (i.e. there's
already a "writer thread" in progress), then any new calls to
zil_commit() will block waiting for the currently oustanding ZIL
blocks to complete. The blocks written for each "writer thread" is
coined a "batch", and there can only ever be a single "batch" being
written at a time. When a batch is being written, any new ZIL
transactions will have to wait for the next batch to be written,
which won't occur until the current batch finishes.
As a result, the underlying storage may not be used as efficiently
as possible. While "new" threads enter zil_commit() and are blocked
waiting for the next batch, it's possible that the underlying
storage isn't fully utilized by the current batch of ZIL blocks. In
that case, it'd be better to allow these new threads to generate
(and issue) a new ZIL block, such that it could be serviced by the
underlying storage concurrently with the other ZIL blocks that are
being serviced.
2. Any call to zil_commit() must wait for all ZIL blocks in its "batch"
to complete, prior to zil_commit() returning. The size of any given
batch is proportional to the number of ZIL transaction in the queue
at the time that the batch starts processing the queue; which
doesn't occur until the previous batch completes. Thus, if there's a
lot of transactions in the queue, the batch could be composed of
many ZIL blocks, and each call to zil_commit() will have to wait for
all of these writes to complete (even if the thread calling
zil_commit() only cared about one of the transactions in the batch).
To further complicate the situation, these two issues result in the
following side effect:
3. If a given batch takes longer to complete than normal, this results
in larger batch sizes, which then take longer to complete and
further drive up the latency of zil_commit(). This can occur for a
number of reasons, including (but not limited to): transient changes
in the workload, and storage latency irregularites.
Solution
========
The solution attempted by this change has the following goals:
1. no on-disk changes; maintain current on-disk format.
2. modify the "batch size" to be equal to the "ZIL block size".
3. allow new batches to be generated and issued to disk, while there's
already batches being serviced by the disk.
4. allow zil_commit() to wait for as few ZIL blocks as possible.
5. use as few ZIL blocks as possible, for the same amount of ZIL
transactions, without introducing significant latency to any
individual ZIL transaction. i.e. use fewer, but larger, ZIL blocks.
In theory, with these goals met, the new allgorithm will allow the
following improvements:
1. new ZIL blocks can be generated and issued, while there's already
oustanding ZIL blocks being serviced by the storage.
2. the latency of zil_commit() should be proportional to the underlying
storage latency, rather than the incoming synchronous workload.
Porting Notes
=============
Due to the changes made in commit 119a394ab0, the lifetime of an itx
structure differs than in OpenZFS. Specifically, the itx structure is
kept around until the data associated with the itx is considered to be
safe on disk; this is so that the itx's callback can be called after the
data is committed to stable storage. Since OpenZFS doesn't have this itx
callback mechanism, it's able to destroy the itx structure immediately
after the itx is committed to an lwb (before the lwb is written to
disk).
To support this difference, and to ensure the itx's callbacks can still
be called after the itx's data is on disk, a few changes had to be made:
* A list of itxs was added to the lwb structure. This list contains
all of the itxs that have been committed to the lwb, such that the
callbacks for these itxs can be called from zil_lwb_flush_vdevs_done(),
after the data for the itxs is committed to disk.
* A list of itxs was added on the stack of the zil_process_commit_list()
function; the "nolwb_itxs" list. In some circumstances, an itx may
not be committed to an lwb (e.g. if allocating the "next" ZIL block
on disk fails), so this list is used to keep track of which itxs
fall into this state, such that their callbacks can be called after
the ZIL's writer pipeline is "stalled".
* The logic to actually call the itx's callback was moved into the
zil_itx_destroy() function. Since all consumers of zil_itx_destroy()
were effectively performing the same logic (i.e. if callback is
non-null, call the callback), it seemed like useful code cleanup to
consolidate this logic into a single function.
Additionally, the existing Linux tracepoint infrastructure dealing with
the ZIL's probes and structures had to be updated to reflect these code
changes. Specifically:
* The "zil__cw1" and "zil__cw2" probes were removed, so they had to be
removed from "trace_zil.h" as well.
* Some of the zilog structure's fields were removed, which affected
the tracepoint definitions of the structure.
* New tracepoints had to be added for the following 3 new probes:
* zil__process__commit__itx
* zil__process__normal__itx
* zil__commit__io__error
OpenZFS-issue: https://www.illumos.org/issues/8585
OpenZFS-commit: https://github.com/openzfs/openzfs/commit/5d95a3aCloses#6566
Added a 'corrupt' error option that will flip a bit in the data
after a read operation. This is useful for generating checksum
errors at the device layer (in a mirror config for example). It
is also used to validate the diagnosis of checksum errors from
the zfs diagnosis engine.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Don Brady <don.brady@intel.com>
Closes#6345
This change incorporates three major pieces:
The first change is a keystore that manages wrapping
and encryption keys for encrypted datasets. These
commands mostly involve manipulating the new
DSL Crypto Key ZAP Objects that live in the MOS. Each
encrypted dataset has its own DSL Crypto Key that is
protected with a user's key. This level of indirection
allows users to change their keys without re-encrypting
their entire datasets. The change implements the new
subcommands "zfs load-key", "zfs unload-key" and
"zfs change-key" which allow the user to manage their
encryption keys and settings. In addition, several new
flags and properties have been added to allow dataset
creation and to make mounting and unmounting more
convenient.
The second piece of this patch provides the ability to
encrypt, decyrpt, and authenticate protected datasets.
Each object set maintains a Merkel tree of Message
Authentication Codes that protect the lower layers,
similarly to how checksums are maintained. This part
impacts the zio layer, which handles the actual
encryption and generation of MACs, as well as the ARC
and DMU, which need to be able to handle encrypted
buffers and protected data.
The last addition is the ability to do raw, encrypted
sends and receives. The idea here is to send raw
encrypted and compressed data and receive it exactly
as is on a backup system. This means that the dataset
on the receiving system is protected using the same
user key that is in use on the sending side. By doing
so, datasets can be efficiently backed up to an
untrusted system without fear of data being
compromised.
Reviewed by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Jorgen Lundman <lundman@lundman.net>
Signed-off-by: Tom Caputi <tcaputi@datto.com>
Closes#494Closes#5769
- After some ZIL changes 6 years ago zil_slog_limit got partially broken
due to zl_itx_list_sz not updated when async itx'es upgraded to sync.
Actually because of other changes about that time zl_itx_list_sz is not
really required to implement the functionality, so this patch removes
some unneeded broken code and variables.
- Original idea of zil_slog_limit was to reduce chance of SLOG abuse by
single heavy logger, that increased latency for other (more latency critical)
loggers, by pushing heavy log out into the main pool instead of SLOG. Beside
huge latency increase for heavy writers, this implementation caused double
write of all data, since the log records were explicitly prepared for SLOG.
Since we now have I/O scheduler, I've found it can be much more efficient
to reduce priority of heavy logger SLOG writes from ZIO_PRIORITY_SYNC_WRITE
to ZIO_PRIORITY_ASYNC_WRITE, while still leave them on SLOG.
- Existing ZIL implementation had problem with space efficiency when it
has to write large chunks of data into log blocks of limited size. In some
cases efficiency stopped to almost as low as 50%. In case of ZIL stored on
spinning rust, that also reduced log write speed in half, since head had to
uselessly fly over allocated but not written areas. This change improves
the situation by offloading problematic operations from z*_log_write() to
zil_lwb_commit(), which knows real situation of log blocks allocation and
can split large requests into pieces much more efficiently. Also as side
effect it removes one of two data copy operations done by ZIL code WR_COPIED
case.
- While there, untangle and unify code of z*_log_write() functions.
Also zfs_log_write() alike to zvol_log_write() can now handle writes crossing
block boundary, that may also improve efficiency if ZPL is made to do that.
Sponsored by: iXsystems, Inc.
Authored by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
Reviewed by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Prakash Surya <prakash.surya@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Andriy Gapon <avg@FreeBSD.org>
Reviewed by: Steven Hartland <steven.hartland@multiplay.co.uk>
Reviewed by: Brad Lewis <brad.lewis@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Richard Elling <Richard.Elling@RichardElling.com>
Approved by: Robert Mustacchi <rm@joyent.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Richard Yao <ryao@gentoo.org>
Ported-by: Giuseppe Di Natale <dinatale2@llnl.gov>
OpenZFS-issue: https://www.illumos.org/issues/7578
OpenZFS-commit: https://github.com/openzfs/openzfs/commit/aeb13acCloses#6191
Authored by: Toomas Soome <tsoome@me.com>
Reviewed by: George Wilson <george.wilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Yuri Pankov <yuri.pankov@nexenta.com>
Reviewed by: Andrew Stormont <andyjstormont@gmail.com>
Reviewed by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Approved by: Robert Mustacchi <rm@joyent.com>
Reviewed-by: Giuseppe Di Natale <dinatale2@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: George Melikov <mail@gmelikov.ru>
Reviewed-by: Don Brady <don.brady@intel.com>
Ported-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Porting Notes:
- grub-2.02-beta2-422-gcad5cc0 includes support for large blocks.
- Commit 8aab121 allowed GZIP[1-9].
- Grub allows pools with multiple top-level vdevs.
OpenZFS-issue: https://www.illumos.org/issues/5120
OpenZFS-commit: https://github.com/openzfs/openzfs/commit/c8811bdCloses#6007
Authored by: Toomas Soome <tsoome@me.com>
Reviewed by: Igor Kozhukhov <igor@dilos.org>
Reviewed by: Marcel Telka <marcel@telka.sk>
Reviewed by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Approved by: Richard Lowe <richlowe@richlowe.net>
Reviewed-by: George Melikov <mail@gmelikov.ru>
Ported-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Porting Notes:
- Removed gzip and zle compression restriction on bootfs
datasets. Grub added support for these long ago. Ay
version of grub which understands lz4 also supports this.
- Enabled rootpool tests in runfile but skipped by default
in setup on Linux since they modify the rootpool.
- bootfs_006_pos.ksh, striped pools are allowed as bootfs.
OpenZFS-issue: https://www.illumos.org/issues/7404
OpenZFS-commit: https://github.com/openzfs/openzfs/commit/55a424cCloses#5982
Wherever possible it's best to avoid depending on a linear ABD.
Update the code accordingly in the following areas.
- vdev_raidz
- zio, zio_checksum
- zfs_fm
- change abd_alloc_for_io() to use abd_alloc()
Reviewed-by: David Quigley <david.quigley@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Gvozden Neskovic <neskovic@gmail.com>
Closes#5668
Reviewed by: Pavel Zakharov <pavel.zakharov@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Brad Lewis <brad.lewis@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Saso Kiselkov <saso.kiselkov@nexenta.com>
Reviewed by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Ported-by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
spa_sync() iterates over all the dirty dnodes and processes each of them
by calling dnode_sync(). If there are many dirty dnodes (e.g. because we
created or removed a lot of files), the single thread of spa_sync()
calling dnode_sync() can become a bottleneck. Additionally, if many
dnodes are dirtied concurrently in open context (e.g. due to concurrent
file creation), the os_lock will experience lock contention via
dnode_setdirty().
The solution is to track dirty dnodes on a multilist_t, and for
spa_sync() to use separate threads to process each of the sublists in
the multilist.
OpenZFS-issue: https://www.illumos.org/issues/7968
OpenZFS-commit: https://github.com/openzfs/openzfs/commit/4a2a54cCloses#5752
This change introduces a new weighting algorithm to improve
metaslab selection. The new weighting algorithm relies on the
SPACEMAP_HISTOGRAM feature. As a result, the metaslab weight
now encodes the type of weighting algorithm used (size-based
vs segment-based).
Porting Notes: The metaslab allocation tracing code is conditionally
removed on linux (dependent on mdb debugger).
Authored by: George Wilson <george.wilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Alex Reece <alex@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Chris Siden <christopher.siden@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Dan Kimmel <dan.kimmel@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Paul Dagnelie <paul.dagnelie@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Pavel Zakharov pavel.zakharov@delphix.com
Reviewed by: Prakash Surya <prakash.surya@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Don Brady <don.brady@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Ported-by: Don Brady <don.brady@intel.com>
OpenZFS-issue: https://www.illumos.org/issues/7303
OpenZFS-commit: https://github.com/openzfs/openzfs/commit/d5190931bdCloses#5404
OpenZFS 7090 - zfs should throttle allocations
Authored by: George Wilson <george.wilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Alex Reece <alex@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Christopher Siden <christopher.siden@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Dan Kimmel <dan.kimmel@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Paul Dagnelie <paul.dagnelie@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Prakash Surya <prakash.surya@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Sebastien Roy <sebastien.roy@delphix.com>
Approved by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Ported-by: Don Brady <don.brady@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
When write I/Os are issued, they are issued in block order but the ZIO
pipeline will drive them asynchronously through the allocation stage
which can result in blocks being allocated out-of-order. It would be
nice to preserve as much of the logical order as possible.
In addition, the allocations are equally scattered across all top-level
VDEVs but not all top-level VDEVs are created equally. The pipeline
should be able to detect devices that are more capable of handling
allocations and should allocate more blocks to those devices. This
allows for dynamic allocation distribution when devices are imbalanced
as fuller devices will tend to be slower than empty devices.
The change includes a new pool-wide allocation queue which would
throttle and order allocations in the ZIO pipeline. The queue would be
ordered by issued time and offset and would provide an initial amount of
allocation of work to each top-level vdev. The allocation logic utilizes
a reservation system to reserve allocations that will be performed by
the allocator. Once an allocation is successfully completed it's
scheduled on a given top-level vdev. Each top-level vdev maintains a
maximum number of allocations that it can handle (mg_alloc_queue_depth).
The pool-wide reserved allocations (top-levels * mg_alloc_queue_depth)
are distributed across the top-level vdevs metaslab groups and round
robin across all eligible metaslab groups to distribute the work. As
top-levels complete their work, they receive additional work from the
pool-wide allocation queue until the allocation queue is emptied.
OpenZFS-issue: https://www.illumos.org/issues/7090
OpenZFS-commit: https://github.com/openzfs/openzfs/commit/4756c3d7Closes#5258
Porting Notes:
- Maintained minimal stack in zio_done
- Preserve linux-specific io sizes in zio_write_compress
- Added module params and documentation
- Updated to use optimize AVL cmp macros
Reviewed by: George Wilson <george.wilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Prakash Surya <prakash.surya@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Saso Kiselkov <saso.kiselkov@nexenta.com>
Reviewed by: Richard Lowe <richlowe@richlowe.net>
Approved by: Garrett D'Amore <garrett@damore.org>
Ported by: Tony Hutter <hutter2@llnl.gov>
OpenZFS-issue: https://www.illumos.org/issues/4185
OpenZFS-commit: https://github.com/openzfs/openzfs/commit/45818ee
Porting Notes:
This code is ported on top of the Illumos Crypto Framework code:
b5e030c8db
The list of porting changes includes:
- Copied module/icp/include/sha2/sha2.h directly from illumos
- Removed from module/icp/algs/sha2/sha2.c:
#pragma inline(SHA256Init, SHA384Init, SHA512Init)
- Added 'ctx' to lib/libzfs/libzfs_sendrecv.c:zio_checksum_SHA256() since
it now takes in an extra parameter.
- Added CTASSERT() to assert.h from for module/zfs/edonr_zfs.c
- Added skein & edonr to libicp/Makefile.am
- Added sha512.S. It was generated from sha512-x86_64.pl in Illumos.
- Updated ztest.c with new fletcher_4_*() args; used NULL for new CTX argument.
- In icp/algs/edonr/edonr_byteorder.h, Removed the #if defined(__linux) section
to not #include the non-existant endian.h.
- In skein_test.c, renane NULL to 0 in "no test vector" array entries to get
around a compiler warning.
- Fixup test files:
- Rename <sys/varargs.h> -> <varargs.h>, <strings.h> -> <string.h>,
- Remove <note.h> and define NOTE() as NOP.
- Define u_longlong_t
- Rename "#!/usr/bin/ksh" -> "#!/bin/ksh -p"
- Rename NULL to 0 in "no test vector" array entries to get around a
compiler warning.
- Remove "for isa in $($ISAINFO); do" stuff
- Add/update Makefiles
- Add some userspace headers like stdio.h/stdlib.h in places of
sys/types.h.
- EXPORT_SYMBOL *_Init/*_Update/*_Final... routines in ICP modules.
- Update scripts/zfs2zol-patch.sed
- include <sys/sha2.h> in sha2_impl.h
- Add sha2.h to include/sys/Makefile.am
- Add skein and edonr dirs to icp Makefile
- Add new checksums to zpool_get.cfg
- Move checksum switch block from zfs_secpolicy_setprop() to
zfs_check_settable()
- Fix -Wuninitialized error in edonr_byteorder.h on PPC
- Fix stack frame size errors on ARM32
- Don't unroll loops in Skein on 32-bit to save stack space
- Add memory barriers in sha2.c on 32-bit to save stack space
- Add filetest_001_pos.ksh checksum sanity test
- Add option to write psudorandom data in file_write utility
Authored by: George Wilson <george.wilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Prakash Surya <prakash.surya@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Dan Kimmel <dan.kimmel@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Matt Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Paul Dagnelie <pcd@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Tom Caputi <tcaputi@datto.com>
Reviewed by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Ported by: David Quigley <david.quigley@intel.com>
This review covers the reading and writing of compressed arc headers, sharing
data between the arc_hdr_t and the arc_buf_t, and the implementation of a new
dbuf cache to keep frequently access data uncompressed.
I've added a new member to l1 arc hdr called b_pdata. The b_pdata always hangs
off the arc_buf_hdr_t (if an L1 hdr is in use) and points to the physical block
for that DVA. The physical block may or may not be compressed. If compressed
arc is enabled and the block on-disk is compressed, then the b_pdata will match
the block on-disk and remain compressed in memory. If the block on disk is not
compressed, then neither will the b_pdata. Lastly, if compressed arc is
disabled, then b_pdata will always be an uncompressed version of the on-disk
block.
Typically the arc will cache only the arc_buf_hdr_t and will aggressively evict
any arc_buf_t's that are no longer referenced. This means that the arc will
primarily have compressed blocks as the arc_buf_t's are considered overhead and
are always uncompressed. When a consumer reads a block we first look to see if
the arc_buf_hdr_t is cached. If the hdr is cached then we allocate a new
arc_buf_t and decompress the b_pdata contents into the arc_buf_t's b_data. If
the hdr already has a arc_buf_t, then we will allocate an additional arc_buf_t
and bcopy the uncompressed contents from the first arc_buf_t to the new one.
Writing to the compressed arc requires that we first discard the b_pdata since
the physical block is about to be rewritten. The new data contents will be
passed in via an arc_buf_t (uncompressed) and during the I/O pipeline stages we
will copy the physical block contents to a newly allocated b_pdata.
When an l2arc is inuse it will also take advantage of the b_pdata. Now the
l2arc will always write the contents of b_pdata to the l2arc. This means that
when compressed arc is enabled that the l2arc blocks are identical to those
stored in the main data pool. This provides a significant advantage since we
can leverage the bp's checksum when reading from the l2arc to determine if the
contents are valid. If the compressed arc is disabled, then we must first
transform the read block to look like the physical block in the main data pool
before comparing the checksum and determining it's valid.
OpenZFS-issue: https://www.illumos.org/issues/6950
OpenZFS-commit: https://github.com/openzfs/openzfs/commit/7fc10f0
Issue #5078
Reviewed by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: George Wilson <george.wilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Boris Protopopov <bprotopopov@hotmail.com>
Approved by: Richard Lowe <richlowe@richlowe.net>a
Ported by: Boris Protopopov <bprotopopov@actifio.com>
Signed-off-by: Boris Protopopov <bprotopopov@actifio.com>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
OpenZFS-issue: https://www.illumos.org/issues/6513
OpenZFS-commit: https://github.com/openzfs/openzfs/commit/8df0bcf0
If a ZFS object contains a hole at level one, and then a data block is
created at level 0 underneath that l1 block, l0 holes will be created.
However, these l0 holes do not have the birth time property set; as a
result, incremental sends will not send those holes.
Fix is to modify the dbuf_read code to fill in birth time data.
Reviewed by: Paul Dagnelie <pcd@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: George Wilson <george.wilson@delphix.com>
Approved by: Dan McDonald <danmcd@omniti.com>
Ported by: Tony Hutter <hutter2@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
OpenZFS-issue: https://www.illumos.org/issues/6531
OpenZFS-commit: https://github.com/openzfs/openzfs/commit/97e8130
Porting notes:
- Added new IO delay tracepoints, and moved common ZIO tracepoint macros
to a new trace_common.h file.
- Used zio_delay_taskq() in place of OpenZFS's timeout_generic() function.
- Updated zinject man page
- Updated zpool_scrub test files
This deadlock may manifest itself in slightly different ways but
at the core it is caused by a memory allocation blocking on file-
system reclaim in the zio pipeline. This is normally impossible
because zio_execute() disables filesystem reclaim by setting
PF_FSTRANS on the thread. However, kmem cache allocations may
still indirectly block on file system reclaim while holding the
critical vq->vq_lock as shown below.
To resolve this issue zio_buf_alloc_flags() is introduced which
allocation flags to be passed. This can then be used in
vdev_queue_aggregate() with KM_NOSLEEP when allocating the
aggregate IO buffer. Since aggregating the IO is purely a
performance optimization we want this to either succeed or fail
quickly. Trying too hard to allocate this memory under the
vq->vq_lock can negatively impact performance and result in
this deadlock.
* z_wr_iss
zio_vdev_io_start
vdev_queue_io -> Takes vq->vq_lock
vdev_queue_io_to_issue
vdev_queue_aggregate
zio_buf_alloc -> Waiting on spl_kmem_cache process
* z_wr_int
zio_vdev_io_done
vdev_queue_io_done
mutex_lock -> Waiting on vq->vq_lock held by z_wr_iss
* txg_sync
spa_sync
dsl_pool_sync
zio_wait -> Waiting on zio being handled by z_wr_int
* spl_kmem_cache
spl_cache_grow_work
kv_alloc
spl_vmalloc
...
evict
zpl_evict_inode
zfs_inactive
dmu_tx_wait
txg_wait_open -> Waiting on txg_sync
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Chunwei Chen <david.chen@osnexus.com>
Signed-off-by: Tim Chase <tim@chase2k.com>
Closes#3808Closes#3867
5661 ZFS: "compression = on" should use lz4 if feature is enabled
Reviewed by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Josef 'Jeff' Sipek <jeffpc@josefsipek.net>
Reviewed by: Xin LI <delphij@freebsd.org>
Approved by: Robert Mustacchi <rm@joyent.com>
References:
https://github.com/illumos/illumos-gate/commit/db1741fhttps://www.illumos.org/issues/5661
Ported-by: kernelOfTruth kerneloftruth@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#3571
5244 zio pipeline callers should explicitly invoke next stage
Reviewed by: Adam Leventhal <ahl@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Alex Reece <alex.reece@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Christopher Siden <christopher.siden@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Richard Elling <richard.elling@gmail.com>
Reviewed by: Dan McDonald <danmcd@omniti.com>
Reviewed by: Steven Hartland <killing@multiplay.co.uk>
Approved by: Gordon Ross <gwr@nexenta.com>
References:
https://www.illumos.org/issues/5244https://github.com/illumos/illumos-gate/commit/738f37b
Porting Notes:
1. The unported "2932 support crash dumps to raidz, etc. pools"
caused a merge conflict due to a copyright difference in
module/zfs/vdev_raidz.c.
2. The unported "4128 disks in zpools never go away when pulled"
and additional Linux-specific changes caused merge conflicts in
module/zfs/vdev_disk.c.
Ported-by: Richard Yao <richard.yao@clusterhq.com>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#2828
Reviewed by: Andriy Gapon <avg@FreeBSD.org>
Reviewed by: Will Andrews <willa@SpectraLogic.com>
Reviewed by: Matt Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: George Wilson <george@delphix.com>
Approved by: Robert Mustacchi <rm@joyent.com>
References:
https://www.illumos.org/issues/5313https://github.com/illumos/illumos-gate/commit/fe319232
Ported-by: DHE <git@dehacked.net>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#3280
Commit 86dd0fd added preallocated I/O buffers. This is no longer
required after the recent kmem changes designed to make our memory
allocation interfaces behave more like those found on Illumos. A
deadlock in this situation is no longer possible.
However, these allocations still have the potential to be expensive.
So a potential future optimization might be to perform then KM_NOSLEEP
so that they either succeed of fail quicky. Either case is acceptable
here because we can safely abort the aggregation.
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
4958 zdb trips assert on pools with ashift >= 0xe
Reviewed by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Max Grossman <max.grossman@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: George Wilson <george.wilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Christopher Siden <christopher.siden@delphix.com>
Approved by: Garrett D'Amore <garrett@damore.org>
References:
https://www.illumos.org/issues/4958https://github.com/illumos/illumos-gate/commit/2a104a5
Porting notes:
Keep the ZIO_FLAG_FASTWRITE define. This is for a feature present
in Linux but not yet in *BSD.
Ported by: Turbo Fredriksson <turbo@bayour.com>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#2697
4914 zfs on-disk bookmark structure should be named *_phys_t
Reviewed by: George Wilson <george.wilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Christopher Siden <christopher.siden@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Richard Lowe <richlowe@richlowe.net>
Reviewed by: Saso Kiselkov <skiselkov.ml@gmail.com>
Approved by: Robert Mustacchi <rm@joyent.com>
References:
https://www.illumos.org/issues/4914https://github.com/illumos/illumos-gate/commit/7802d7b
Porting notes:
There were a number of zfsonlinux-specific uses of zbookmark_t which
needed to be updated. This should reduce the likelihood of further
problems like issue #2094 from occurring.
Ported by: Tim Chase <tim@chase2k.com>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#2558
4757 ZFS embedded-data block pointers ("zero block compression")
4913 zfs release should not be subject to space checks
Reviewed by: Adam Leventhal <ahl@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Max Grossman <max.grossman@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: George Wilson <george.wilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Christopher Siden <christopher.siden@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Dan McDonald <danmcd@omniti.com>
Approved by: Dan McDonald <danmcd@omniti.com>
References:
https://www.illumos.org/issues/4757https://www.illumos.org/issues/4913https://github.com/illumos/illumos-gate/commit/5d7b4d4
Porting notes:
For compatibility with the fastpath code the zio_done() function
needed to be updated. Because embedded-data block pointers do
not require DVAs to be allocated the associated vdevs will not
be marked and therefore should not be unmarked.
Ported by: Tim Chase <tim@chase2k.com>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#2544
Commit 1421c89142 added a field to
zbookmark_t that unintentinoally caused a disk format change. This
negatively affected backward compatibility and platform portability.
Therefore, this field is being removed.
The function that field permitted is left unimplemented until a later
patch that will reimplement the field in a way that does not affect the
disk format.
Signed-off-by: Richard Yao <ryao@gentoo.org>
Signed-off-by: Tim Chase <tim@chase2k.com>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Issue #2094
The vast majority of these changes are in Linux specific code.
They are the result of not having an automated style checker to
validate the code when it was originally written. Others were
caused when the common code was slightly adjusted for Linux.
This patch contains no functional changes. It only refreshes
the code to conform to style guide.
Everyone submitting patches for inclusion upstream should now
run 'make checkstyle' and resolve any warning prior to opening
a pull request. The automated builders have been updated to
fail a build if when 'make checkstyle' detects an issue.
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#1821
4045 zfs write throttle & i/o scheduler performance work
1. The ZFS i/o scheduler (vdev_queue.c) now divides i/os into 5 classes: sync
read, sync write, async read, async write, and scrub/resilver. The scheduler
issues a number of concurrent i/os from each class to the device. Once a class
has been selected, an i/o is selected from this class using either an elevator
algorithem (async, scrub classes) or FIFO (sync classes). The number of
concurrent async write i/os is tuned dynamically based on i/o load, to achieve
good sync i/o latency when there is not a high load of writes, and good write
throughput when there is. See the block comment in vdev_queue.c (reproduced
below) for more details.
2. The write throttle (dsl_pool_tempreserve_space() and
txg_constrain_throughput()) is rewritten to produce much more consistent delays
when under constant load. The new write throttle is based on the amount of
dirty data, rather than guesses about future performance of the system. When
there is a lot of dirty data, each transaction (e.g. write() syscall) will be
delayed by the same small amount. This eliminates the "brick wall of wait"
that the old write throttle could hit, causing all transactions to wait several
seconds until the next txg opens. One of the keys to the new write throttle is
decrementing the amount of dirty data as i/o completes, rather than at the end
of spa_sync(). Note that the write throttle is only applied once the i/o
scheduler is issuing the maximum number of outstanding async writes. See the
block comments in dsl_pool.c and above dmu_tx_delay() (reproduced below) for
more details.
This diff has several other effects, including:
* the commonly-tuned global variable zfs_vdev_max_pending has been removed;
use per-class zfs_vdev_*_max_active values or zfs_vdev_max_active instead.
* the size of each txg (meaning the amount of dirty data written, and thus the
time it takes to write out) is now controlled differently. There is no longer
an explicit time goal; the primary determinant is amount of dirty data.
Systems that are under light or medium load will now often see that a txg is
always syncing, but the impact to performance (e.g. read latency) is minimal.
Tune zfs_dirty_data_max and zfs_dirty_data_sync to control this.
* zio_taskq_batch_pct = 75 -- Only use 75% of all CPUs for compression,
checksum, etc. This improves latency by not allowing these CPU-intensive tasks
to consume all CPU (on machines with at least 4 CPU's; the percentage is
rounded up).
--matt
APPENDIX: problems with the current i/o scheduler
The current ZFS i/o scheduler (vdev_queue.c) is deadline based. The problem
with this is that if there are always i/os pending, then certain classes of
i/os can see very long delays.
For example, if there are always synchronous reads outstanding, then no async
writes will be serviced until they become "past due". One symptom of this
situation is that each pass of the txg sync takes at least several seconds
(typically 3 seconds).
If many i/os become "past due" (their deadline is in the past), then we must
service all of these overdue i/os before any new i/os. This happens when we
enqueue a batch of async writes for the txg sync, with deadlines 2.5 seconds in
the future. If we can't complete all the i/os in 2.5 seconds (e.g. because
there were always reads pending), then these i/os will become past due. Now we
must service all the "async" writes (which could be hundreds of megabytes)
before we service any reads, introducing considerable latency to synchronous
i/os (reads or ZIL writes).
Notes on porting to ZFS on Linux:
- zio_t gained new members io_physdone and io_phys_children. Because
object caches in the Linux port call the constructor only once at
allocation time, objects may contain residual data when retrieved
from the cache. Therefore zio_create() was updated to zero out the two
new fields.
- vdev_mirror_pending() relied on the depth of the per-vdev pending queue
(vq->vq_pending_tree) to select the least-busy leaf vdev to read from.
This tree has been replaced by vq->vq_active_tree which is now used
for the same purpose.
- vdev_queue_init() used the value of zfs_vdev_max_pending to determine
the number of vdev I/O buffers to pre-allocate. That global no longer
exists, so we instead use the sum of the *_max_active values for each of
the five I/O classes described above.
- The Illumos implementation of dmu_tx_delay() delays a transaction by
sleeping in condition variable embedded in the thread
(curthread->t_delay_cv). We do not have an equivalent CV to use in
Linux, so this change replaced the delay logic with a wrapper called
zfs_sleep_until(). This wrapper could be adopted upstream and in other
downstream ports to abstract away operating system-specific delay logic.
- These tunables are added as module parameters, and descriptions added
to the zfs-module-parameters.5 man page.
spa_asize_inflation
zfs_deadman_synctime_ms
zfs_vdev_max_active
zfs_vdev_async_write_active_min_dirty_percent
zfs_vdev_async_write_active_max_dirty_percent
zfs_vdev_async_read_max_active
zfs_vdev_async_read_min_active
zfs_vdev_async_write_max_active
zfs_vdev_async_write_min_active
zfs_vdev_scrub_max_active
zfs_vdev_scrub_min_active
zfs_vdev_sync_read_max_active
zfs_vdev_sync_read_min_active
zfs_vdev_sync_write_max_active
zfs_vdev_sync_write_min_active
zfs_dirty_data_max_percent
zfs_delay_min_dirty_percent
zfs_dirty_data_max_max_percent
zfs_dirty_data_max
zfs_dirty_data_max_max
zfs_dirty_data_sync
zfs_delay_scale
The latter four have type unsigned long, whereas they are uint64_t in
Illumos. This accommodates Linux's module_param() supported types, but
means they may overflow on 32-bit architectures.
The values zfs_dirty_data_max and zfs_dirty_data_max_max are the most
likely to overflow on 32-bit systems, since they express physical RAM
sizes in bytes. In fact, Illumos initializes zfs_dirty_data_max_max to
2^32 which does overflow. To resolve that, this port instead initializes
it in arc_init() to 25% of physical RAM, and adds the tunable
zfs_dirty_data_max_max_percent to override that percentage. While this
solution doesn't completely avoid the overflow issue, it should be a
reasonable default for most systems, and the minority of affected
systems can work around the issue by overriding the defaults.
- Fixed reversed logic in comment above zfs_delay_scale declaration.
- Clarified comments in vdev_queue.c regarding when per-queue minimums take
effect.
- Replaced dmu_tx_write_limit in the dmu_tx kstat file
with dmu_tx_dirty_delay and dmu_tx_dirty_over_max. The first counts
how many times a transaction has been delayed because the pool dirty
data has exceeded zfs_delay_min_dirty_percent. The latter counts how
many times the pool dirty data has exceeded zfs_dirty_data_max (which
we expect to never happen).
- The original patch would have regressed the bug fixed in
zfsonlinux/zfs@c418410, which prevented users from setting the
zfs_vdev_aggregation_limit tuning larger than SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE.
A similar fix is added to vdev_queue_aggregate().
- In vdev_queue_io_to_issue(), dynamically allocate 'zio_t search' on the
heap instead of the stack. In Linux we can't afford such large
structures on the stack.
Reviewed by: George Wilson <george.wilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Adam Leventhal <ahl@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Christopher Siden <christopher.siden@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Ned Bass <bass6@llnl.gov>
Reviewed by: Brendan Gregg <brendan.gregg@joyent.com>
Approved by: Robert Mustacchi <rm@joyent.com>
References:
http://www.illumos.org/issues/4045illumos/illumos-gate@69962b5647
Ported-by: Ned Bass <bass6@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#1913
3236 zio nop-write
Reviewed by: Matt Ahrens <matthew.ahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Adam Leventhal <ahl@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Christopher Siden <chris.siden@delphix.com>
Approved by: Garrett D'Amore <garrett@damore.org>
References:
illumos/illumos-gate@80901aea8ehttps://www.illumos.org/issues/3236
Porting Notes
1. This patch is being merged dispite an increased instance of
https://www.illumos.org/issues/3113 being triggered by ztest.
Ported-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Issue #1489
This change is an attempt to add visibility into the arc_read calls
occurring on a system, in real time. To do this, a list was added to the
in memory SPA data structure for a pool, with each element on the list
corresponding to a call to arc_read. These entries are then exported
through the kstat interface, which can then be interpreted in userspace.
For each arc_read call, the following information is exported:
* A unique identifier (uint64_t)
* The time the entry was added to the list (hrtime_t)
(*not* wall clock time; relative to the other entries on the list)
* The objset ID (uint64_t)
* The object number (uint64_t)
* The indirection level (uint64_t)
* The block ID (uint64_t)
* The name of the function originating the arc_read call (char[24])
* The arc_flags from the arc_read call (uint32_t)
* The PID of the reading thread (pid_t)
* The command or name of thread originating read (char[16])
From this exported information one can see, in real time, exactly what
is being read, what function is generating the read, and whether or not
the read was found to be already cached.
There is still some work to be done, but this should serve as a good
starting point.
Specifically, dbuf_read's are not accounted for in the currently
exported information. Thus, a follow up patch should probably be added
to export these calls that never call into arc_read (they only hit the
dbuf hash table). In addition, it might be nice to create a utility
similar to "arcstat.py" to digest the exported information and display
it in a more readable format. Or perhaps, log the information and allow
for it to be "replayed" at a later time.
Signed-off-by: Prakash Surya <surya1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
3618 ::zio dcmd does not show timestamp data
Reviewed by: Adam Leventhal <ahl@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: George Wilson <gwilson@zfsmail.com>
Reviewed by: Christopher Siden <christopher.siden@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Garrett D'Amore <garrett@damore.org>
Approved by: Dan McDonald <danmcd@nexenta.com>
References:
http://www.illumos.org/issues/3618illumos/illumos-gate@c55e05cb35
Notes on porting to ZFS on Linux:
The original changeset mostly deals with mdb ::zio dcmd.
However, in order to provide the requested functionality
it modifies vdev and zio structures to keep the timing data
in nanoseconds instead of ticks. It is these changes that
are ported over in the commit in hand.
One visible change of this commit is that the default value
of 'zfs_vdev_time_shift' tunable is changed:
zfs_vdev_time_shift = 6
to
zfs_vdev_time_shift = 29
The original value of 6 was inherited from OpenSolaris and
was subotimal - since it shifted the raw tick value - it
didn't compensate for different tick frequencies on Linux and
OpenSolaris. The former has HZ=1000, while the latter HZ=100.
(Which itself led to other interesting performance anomalies
under non-trivial load. The deadline scheduler delays the IO
according to its priority - the lower priority the further
the deadline is set. The delay is measured in units of
"shifted ticks". Since the HZ value was 10 times higher,
the delay units were 10 times shorter. Thus really low
priority IO like resilver (delay is 10 units) and scrub
(delay is 20 units) were scheduled much sooner than intended.
The overall effect is that resilver and scrub IO consumed
more bandwidth at the expense of the other IO.)
Now that the bookkeeping is done is nanoseconds the shift
behaves correctly for any tick frequency (HZ).
Ported-by: Cyril Plisko <cyril.plisko@mountall.com>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#1643
Reviewed by: Matt Ahrens <matthew.ahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Eric Schrock <eric.schrock@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Christopher Siden <chris.siden@delphix.com>
Approved by: Garrett D'Amore <garrett@damore.org>
NOTES: This patch has been reworked from the original in the
following ways to accomidate Linux ZFS implementation
*) Usage of the cyclic interface was replaced by the delayed taskq
interface. This avoids the need to implement new compatibility
code and allows us to rely on the existing taskq implementation.
*) An extern for zfs_txg_synctime_ms was added to sys/dsl_pool.h
because declaring externs in source files as was done in the
original patch is just plain wrong.
*) Instead of panicing the system when the deadman triggers a
zevent describing the blocked vdev and the first pending I/O
is posted. If the panic behavior is desired Linux provides
other generic methods to panic the system when threads are
observed to hang.
*) For reference, to delay zios by 30 seconds for testing you can
use zinject as follows: 'zinject -d <vdev> -D30 <pool>'
References:
illumos/illumos-gate@283b84606bhttps://www.illumos.org/issues/3246
Ported-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#1396
3035 LZ4 compression support in ZFS and GRUB
Reviewed by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Christopher Siden <christopher.siden@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: George Wilson <george.wilson@delphix.com>
Approved by: Christopher Siden <csiden@delphix.com>
References:
illumos/illumos-gate@a6f561b4aehttps://www.illumos.org/issues/3035http://wiki.illumos.org/display/illumos/LZ4+Compression+In+ZFS
This patch has been slightly modified from the upstream Illumos
version to be compatible with Linux. Due to the very limited
stack space in the kernel a lz4 workspace kmem cache is used.
Since we are using gcc we are also able to take advantage of the
gcc optimized __builtin_ctz functions.
Support for GRUB has been dropped from this patch. That code
is available but those changes will need to made to the upstream
GRUB package.
Lastly, several hunks of dead code were dropped for clarity. They
include the functions real_LZ4_uncompress(), LZ4_compressBound()
and the Visual Studio specific hunks wrapped in _MSC_VER.
Ported-by: Eric Dillmann <eric@jave.fr>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#1217
2619 asynchronous destruction of ZFS file systems
2747 SPA versioning with zfs feature flags
Reviewed by: Matt Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: George Wilson <gwilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Richard Lowe <richlowe@richlowe.net>
Reviewed by: Dan Kruchinin <dan.kruchinin@gmail.com>
Approved by: Eric Schrock <Eric.Schrock@delphix.com>
References:
illumos/illumos-gate@53089ab7c8illumos/illumos-gate@ad135b5d64
illumos changeset: 13700:2889e2596bd6
https://www.illumos.org/issues/2619https://www.illumos.org/issues/2747
NOTE: The grub specific changes were not ported. This change
must be made to the Linux grub packages.
Ported-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Currently, ZIL blocks are spread over vdevs using hint block pointers
managed by the ZIL commit code and passed to metaslab_alloc(). Spreading
log blocks accross vdevs is important for performance: indeed, using
mutliple disks in parallel decreases the ZIL commit latency, which is
the main performance metric for synchronous writes. However, the current
implementation suffers from the following issues:
1) It would be best if the ZIL module was not aware of such low-level
details. They should be handled by the ZIO and metaslab modules;
2) Because the hint block pointer is managed per log, simultaneous
commits from multiple logs might use the same vdevs at the same time,
which is inefficient;
3) Because dmu_write() does not honor the block pointer hint, indirect
writes are not spread.
The naive solution of rotating the metaslab rotor each time a block is
allocated for the ZIL or dmu_sync() doesn't work in practice because the
first ZIL block to be written is actually allocated during the previous
commit. Consequently, when metaslab_alloc() decides the vdev for this
block, it will do so while a bunch of other allocations are happening at
the same time (from dmu_sync() and other ZILs). This means the vdev for
this block is chosen more or less at random. When the next commit
happens, there is a high chance (especially when the number of blocks
per commit is slightly less than the number of the disks) that one disk
will have to write two blocks (with a potential seek) while other disks
are sitting idle, which defeats spreading and increases the commit
latency.
This commit introduces a new concept in the metaslab allocator:
fastwrites. Basically, each top-level vdev maintains a counter
indicating the number of synchronous writes (from dmu_sync() and the
ZIL) which have been allocated but not yet completed. When the metaslab
is called with the FASTWRITE flag, it will choose the vdev with the
least amount of pending synchronous writes. If there are multiple vdevs
with the same value, the first matching vdev (starting from the rotor)
is used. Once metaslab_alloc() has decided which vdev the block is
allocated to, it updates the fastwrite counter for this vdev.
The rationale goes like this: when an allocation is done with
FASTWRITE, it "reserves" the vdev until the data is written. Until then,
all future allocations will naturally avoid this vdev, even after a full
rotation of the rotor. As a result, pending synchronous writes at a
given point in time will be nicely spread over all vdevs. This contrasts
with the previous algorithm, which is based on the implicit assumption
that blocks are written instantaneously after they're allocated.
metaslab_fastwrite_mark() and metaslab_fastwrite_unmark() are used to
manually increase or decrease fastwrite counters, respectively. They
should be used with caution, as there is no per-BP tracking of fastwrite
information, so leaks and "double-unmarks" are possible. There is,
however, an assert in the vdev teardown code which will fire if the
fastwrite counters are not zero when the pool is exported or the vdev
removed. Note that as stated above, marking is also done implictly by
metaslab_alloc().
ZIO also got a new FASTWRITE flag; when it is used, ZIO will pass it to
the metaslab when allocating (assuming ZIO does the allocation, which is
only true in the case of dmu_sync). This flag will also trigger an
unmark when zio_done() fires.
A side-effect of the new algorithm is that when a ZIL stops being used,
its last block can stay in the pending state (allocated but not yet
written) for a long time, polluting the fastwrite counters. To avoid
that, I've implemented a somewhat crude but working solution which
unmarks these pending blocks in zil_sync(), thus guaranteeing that
linguering fastwrites will get pruned at each sync event.
The best performance improvements are observed with pools using a large
number of top-level vdevs and heavy synchronous write workflows
(especially indirect writes and concurrent writes from multiple ZILs).
Real-life testing shows a 200% to 300% performance increase with
indirect writes and various commit sizes.
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Issue #1013
The vdev queue layer may require a small number of buffers
when attempting to create aggregate I/O requests. Rather than
attempting to allocate them from the global zio buffers, which
is slow under memory pressure, it makes sense to pre-allocate
them because...
1) These buffers are short lived. They are only required for
the life of a single I/O at which point they can be used by
the next I/O.
2) The maximum number of concurrent buffers needed by a vdev is
small. It's roughly limited by the zfs_vdev_max_pending tunable
which defaults to 10.
By keeping a small list of these buffer per-vdev we can ensure
one is always available when we need it. This significantly
reduces contention on the vq->vq_lock, because we no longer
need to perform a slow allocation under this lock. This is
particularly important when memory is already low on the system.
It would probably be wise to extend the use of these buffers beyond
aggregate I/O and in to the raidz implementation. The inability
to quickly allocate buffer for the parity stripes could result in
similiar problems.
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
It has been observed that some of the hottest locks are those
of the zio taskqs. Contention on these locks can limit the
rate at which zios are dispatched which limits performance.
This upstream change from Illumos uses new interface to the
taskqs which allow them to utilize a prealloc'ed taskq_ent_t.
This removes the need to perform an allocation at dispatch
time while holding the contended lock. This has the effect
of improving system performance.
Reviewed by: Albert Lee <trisk@nexenta.com>
Reviewed by: Richard Lowe <richlowe@richlowe.net>
Reviewed by: Alexey Zaytsev <alexey.zaytsev@nexenta.com>
Reviewed by: Jason Brian King <jason.brian.king@gmail.com>
Reviewed by: George Wilson <gwilson@zfsmail.com>
Reviewed by: Adam Leventhal <ahl@delphix.com>
Approved by: Gordon Ross <gwr@nexenta.com>
References to Illumos issue:
https://www.illumos.org/issues/734
Ported-by: Prakash Surya <surya1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#482
While there is no right maximum timeout for a disk IO we can start
laying the ground work to measure how long they do take in practice.
This change simply measures the IO time and if it exceeds 30s an
event is posted for 'zpool events'.
This value was carefully selected because for sd devices it implies
that at least one timeout (SD_TIMEOUT) has occured. Unfortunately,
even with FAILFAST set we may retry and request and not get an
error. This behavior is strongly dependant on the device driver
and how it is hooked in to the scsi error handling stack. However
by setting the limit at 30s we can log the event even if no error
was returned.
Slightly longer term we can start recording these delays perhaps
as a simple power-of-two histrogram. This histogram can then be
reported as part of the 'zpool status' command when given an command
line option.
None of this code changes the internal behavior of ZFS. Currently
it is simply for reporting excessively long delays.
One of the neat tricks an autoconf style project is capable of
is allow configurion/building in a directory other than the
source directory. The major advantage to this is that you can
build the project various different ways while making changes
in a single source tree.
For example, this project is designed to work on various different
Linux distributions each of which work slightly differently. This
means that changes need to verified on each of those supported
distributions perferably before the change is committed to the
public git repo.
Using nfs and custom build directories makes this much easier.
I now have a single source tree in nfs mounted on several different
systems each running a supported distribution. When I make a
change to the source base I suspect may break things I can
concurrently build from the same source on all the systems each
in their own subdirectory.
wget -c http://github.com/downloads/behlendorf/zfs/zfs-x.y.z.tar.gz
tar -xzf zfs-x.y.z.tar.gz
cd zfs-x-y-z
------------------------- run concurrently ----------------------
<ubuntu system> <fedora system> <debian system> <rhel6 system>
mkdir ubuntu mkdir fedora mkdir debian mkdir rhel6
cd ubuntu cd fedora cd debian cd rhel6
../configure ../configure ../configure ../configure
make make make make
make check make check make check make check
This change also moves many of the include headers from individual
incude/sys directories under the modules directory in to a single
top level include directory. This has the advantage of making
the build rules cleaner and logically it makes a bit more sense.
George Wilson
Brian Behlendorf
Prakash Surya
Tom Caputi
Don Brady
Giuseppe Di Natale
Toomas Soome
Gvozden Neskovic
Matthew Ahrens
Don Brady
David Quigley
Tony Hutter
Dan Kimmel
luozhengzheng
Paul Dagnelie
Justin T. Gibbs
Alex Reece
Richard Yao
Michael Kjorling
Prakash Surya
Eric Dillmann
Christopher Siden
Etienne Dechamps
Garrett D'Amore