diff --git a/contrib/dracut/README.md b/contrib/dracut/README.md index 522f2ce3c8..b7cd8c8125 100644 --- a/contrib/dracut/README.md +++ b/contrib/dracut/README.md @@ -15,6 +15,8 @@ Encrypted datasets have keys loaded automatically or prompted for. If the root dataset contains children with `mountpoint=`s of `/etc`, `/bin`, `/lib*`, or `/usr`, they're mounted too. +For complete documentation, see `dracut.zfs(7)`. + ## cmdline 1. `root=` | Root dataset is… | ---------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------| diff --git a/man/Makefile.am b/man/Makefile.am index 8ab1b75724..64650c2b98 100644 --- a/man/Makefile.am +++ b/man/Makefile.am @@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ dist_man_MANS = \ man4/spl.4 \ man4/zfs.4 \ \ + man7/dracut.zfs.7 \ man7/zpool-features.7 \ man7/zfsconcepts.7 \ man7/zfsprops.7 \ diff --git a/man/man7/dracut.zfs.7 b/man/man7/dracut.zfs.7 new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..0f446fe2fe --- /dev/null +++ b/man/man7/dracut.zfs.7 @@ -0,0 +1,278 @@ +.\" SPDX-License-Identifier: 0BSD +.\" +.Dd April 4, 2022 +.Dt DRACUT.ZFS 7 +.Os +. +.Sh NAME +.Nm dracut.zfs +.Nd overview of ZFS dracut hooks +. +.Sh SYNOPSIS +.Bd -literal -compact + parse-zfs.sh \(-> dracut-cmdline.service + | \(da + | … + | \(da + \e\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(-> dracut-initqueue.service + | zfs-import-opts.sh + zfs-load-module.service \(da | | + | | sysinit.target \(da | + \(da | | zfs-import-scan.service \(da +zfs-import-scan.service \(da \(da | zfs-import-cache.service + | zfs-import-cache.service basic.target | | + \e__________________| | \(da \(da + \(da | zfs-load-key.sh + zfs-env-bootfs.service | | + \(da \(da \(da + zfs-import.target \(-> dracut-pre-mount.service + | \(ua | + | dracut-zfs-generator | + | ____________________/| + |/ \(da + | sysroot.mount \(<-\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em dracut-zfs-generator + | | \(da | + | \(da sysroot-{usr,etc,lib,&c.}.mount | + | initrd-root-fs.target \(<-\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em or \(da + | | zfs-nonroot-necessities.service + | \(da | + \(da dracut-mount.service | + zfs-snapshot-bootfs.service | | + | \(da | + \(da … | + zfs-rollback-bootfs.service | | + | \(da | + | sysroot-usr.mount \(<-\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em\(em/ + | | + | \(da + | initrd-fs.target + \e______________________ | + \e| + \(da + export-zfs.sh initrd.target + | | + \(da \(da + dracut-shutdown.service … + | + \(da + zfs-needshutdown.sh \(-> initrd-cleanup.service +.Ed +.Pp +Compare +.Xr dracut.bootup 7 +for the full flowchart. +. +.Sh DESCRIPTION +Under dracut, booting with +.No ZFS-on- Ns Pa / +is facilitated by a number of hooks in the +.Nm 90zfs +module. +.Pp +Booting into a ZFS dataset requires +.Sy mountpoint Ns = Ns Pa / +to be set on the dataset containing the root filesystem (henceforth "the boot dataset") and at the very least either the +.Sy bootfs +property to be set to that dataset, or the +.Sy root= +kernel cmdline (or dracut drop-in) argument to specify it. +.Pp +All children of the boot dataset with +.Sy canmount Ns = Ns Sy on +with +.Sy mountpoint Ns s +matching +.Pa /etc , /bin , /lib , /lib?? , /libx32 , No and Pa /usr +globs are deemed essential and will be mounted as well. +.Pp +.Xr zfs-mount-generator 8 +is recommended for proper functioning of the system afterward (correct mount properties, remounting, &c.). +. +.Sh CMDLINE +.Ss Standard +.Bl -tag -compact -width ".Sy root=zfs:AUTO , root=zfs: , root=zfs , Op Sy root=" +.It Sy root=zfs:\& Ns Ar dataset , Sy root=ZFS= Ns Ar dataset +Use +.Ar dataset +as the boot dataset. +All pluses +.Pq Sq + +are replaced with spaces +.Pq Sq \ . +. +.It Sy root=zfs:AUTO , root=zfs:\& , root=zfs , Op Sy root= +After import, search for the first pool with the +.Sy bootfs +property set, use its value as-if specified as the +.Ar dataset +above. +. +.It Sy rootfstype=zfs root= Ns Ar dataset +Equivalent to +.Sy root=zfs:\& Ns Ar dataset . +. +.It Sy rootfstype=zfs Op Sy root= +Equivalent to +.Sy root=zfs:AUTO . +. +.It Sy rootflags= Ns Ar flags +Mount the boot dataset with +.Fl o Ar flags ; +cf.\& +.Sx Temporary Mount Point Properties +in +.Xr zfsprops 7 . +These properties will not last, since all filesystems will be re-mounted from the real root. +. +.It Sy debug +If specified, +.Nm dracut-zfs-generator +logs to the journal. +.El +.Pp +Be careful about setting neither +.Sy rootfstype=zfs +nor +.Sy root=zfs:\& Ns Ar dataset +\(em other automatic boot selection methods, like +.Nm systemd-gpt-auto-generator +and +.Nm systemd-fstab-generator +might take precedent. +. +.Ss ZFS-specific +.Bl -tag -compact -width ".Sy bootfs.snapshot Ns Op Sy = Ns Ar snapshot-name" +.It Sy bootfs.snapshot Ns Op Sy = Ns Ar snapshot-name +Execute +.Nm zfs Cm snapshot Ar boot-dataset Ns Sy @ Ns Ar snapshot-name +before pivoting to the real root. +.Ar snapshot-name +defaults to the current kernel release. +. +.It Sy bootfs.rollback Ns Op Sy = Ns Ar snapshot-name +Execute +.Nm zfs Cm snapshot Fl Rf Ar boot-dataset Ns Sy @ Ns Ar snapshot-name +before pivoting to the real root. +.Ar snapshot-name +defaults to the current kernel release. +. +.It Sy spl_hostid= Ns Ar host-id +Use +.Xr zgenhostid 8 +to set the host ID to +.Ar host-id ; +otherwise, +.Pa /etc/hostid +inherited from the real root is used. +. +.It Sy zfs_force , zfs.force , zfsforce +Appends +.Fl f +to all +.Nm zpool Cm import +invocations; primarily useful in conjunction with +.Sy spl_hostid= , +or if no host ID was inherited. +.El +. +.Sh FILES +.Bl -tag -width 0 +.It Pa parse-zfs.sh Pq Sy cmdline +Processes +.Sy spl_hostid= . +If +.Sy root= +matches a known pattern, above, provides +.Pa /dev/root +and delays the initqueue until +.Xr zfs 4 +is loaded, +. +.It Pa zfs-import-opts.sh Pq Nm systemd No environment generator +Turns +.Sy zfs_force , zfs.force , No or Sy zfsforce +into +.Ev ZPOOL_IMPORT_OPTS Ns = Ns Fl f +for +.Pa zfs-import-scan.service +or +.Pa zfs-import-cache.service . +. +.It Pa zfs-load-key.sh Pq Sy pre-mount +Loads encryption keys for the boot dataset and its essential descendants. +.Bl -tag -compact -offset 4n -width ".Sy keylocation Ns = Ns Sy https:// Ns Ar URL , Sy keylocation Ns = Ns Sy http:// Ns Ar URL" +.It Sy keylocation Ns = Ns Sy prompt +Is prompted for via +.Nm systemd-ask-password +thrice. +. +.It Sy keylocation Ns = Ns Sy https:// Ns Ar URL , Sy keylocation Ns = Ns Sy http:// Ns Ar URL +.Pa network-online.target +is started before loading. +. +.It Sy keylocation Ns = Ns Sy file:// Ns Ar path +If +.Ar path +doesn't exist, +.Nm udevadm No is Cm settle Ns d . +If it still doesn't, it's waited for for up to +.Sy 10 Ns s . +.El +. +.It Pa zfs-env-bootfs.service Pq Nm systemd No service +After pool import, sets +.Ev BOOTFS Ns = +in the systemd environment to the first non-null +.Sy bootfs +value in iteration order. +. +.It Pa dracut-zfs-generator Pq Nm systemd No generator +Generates +.Pa sysroot.mount Pq using Sy rootflags= , No if any . +If an explicit boot dataset was specified, also generates essential mountpoints +.Pq Pa sysroot-etc.mount , sysroot-bin.mount , No &c.\& , +otherwise generates +.Pa zfs-nonroot-necessities.service +which mounts them explicitly after +.Pa /sysroot +using +.Ev BOOTFS Ns = . +. +.It Pa zfs-snapshot-bootfs.service , zfs-rollback-bootfs.service Pq Nm systemd No services +Consume +.Sy bootfs.snapshot +and +.Sy bootfs.rollback +as described in +.Sx CMDLINE . +Use +.Ev BOOTFS Ns = +if no explicit boot dataset was specified. +. +.It Pa zfs-needshutdown.sh Pq Sy cleanup +If any pools were imported, signals that shutdown hooks are required. +. +.It Pa export-zfs.sh Pq Sy shutdown +Forcibly exports all pools. +. +.It Pa /etc/hostid , /etc/zfs/zpool.cache , /etc/zfs/vdev_id.conf Pq regular files +Included verbatim, hostonly. +. +.It Pa mount-zfs.sh Pq Sy mount +Does nothing on +.Nm systemd +systems +.Pq if Pa dracut-zfs-generator No succeeded . +Otherwise, loads encryption key for the boot dataset from the console or via plymouth. +It may not work at all! +.El +. +.Sh SEE ALSO +.Xr dracut.bootup 7 , +.Xr zfsprops 7 , +.Xr zpoolprops 7 , +.Xr dracut-shutdown.service 8 , +.Xr systemd-fstab-generator 8 , +.Xr systemd-gpt-auto-generator 8 , +.Xr zfs-mount-generator 8 , +.Xr zgenhostid 8