diff --git a/cmd/zdb/zdb.c b/cmd/zdb/zdb.c
index 7f17de03d3..4880c80487 100644
--- a/cmd/zdb/zdb.c
+++ b/cmd/zdb/zdb.c
@@ -1965,6 +1965,8 @@ dump_all_ddts(spa_t *spa)
 
 	for (enum zio_checksum c = 0; c < ZIO_CHECKSUM_FUNCTIONS; c++) {
 		ddt_t *ddt = spa->spa_ddt[c];
+		if (!ddt)
+			continue;
 		for (ddt_type_t type = 0; type < DDT_TYPES; type++) {
 			for (ddt_class_t class = 0; class < DDT_CLASSES;
 			    class++) {
@@ -6062,6 +6064,8 @@ zdb_ddt_leak_init(spa_t *spa, zdb_cb_t *zcb)
 			return;
 
 		ASSERT(ddt_phys_total_refcnt(&dde) > 1);
+		ddt_t *ddt = spa->spa_ddt[ddb.ddb_checksum];
+		VERIFY(ddt);
 
 		for (p = 0; p < DDT_PHYS_TYPES; p++, ddp++) {
 			if (ddp->ddp_phys_birth == 0)
@@ -6076,7 +6080,7 @@ zdb_ddt_leak_init(spa_t *spa, zdb_cb_t *zcb)
 				zcb->zcb_dedup_blocks++;
 			}
 		}
-		ddt_t *ddt = spa->spa_ddt[ddb.ddb_checksum];
+
 		ddt_enter(ddt);
 		VERIFY(ddt_lookup(ddt, &blk, B_TRUE) != NULL);
 		ddt_exit(ddt);
@@ -7949,6 +7953,8 @@ dump_mos_leaks(spa_t *spa)
 			for (uint64_t cksum = 0;
 			    cksum < ZIO_CHECKSUM_FUNCTIONS; cksum++) {
 				ddt_t *ddt = spa->spa_ddt[cksum];
+				if (!ddt)
+					continue;
 				mos_obj_refd(ddt->ddt_object[type][class]);
 			}
 		}
diff --git a/module/zfs/ddt.c b/module/zfs/ddt.c
index 3e278d702d..f22c79c50a 100644
--- a/module/zfs/ddt.c
+++ b/module/zfs/ddt.c
@@ -39,6 +39,15 @@
 #include <sys/dsl_scan.h>
 #include <sys/abd.h>
 
+/*
+ * These are the only checksums valid for dedup. They must match the list
+ * from dedup_table in zfs_prop.c
+ */
+#define	DDT_CHECKSUM_VALID(c)	\
+	(c == ZIO_CHECKSUM_SHA256 || c == ZIO_CHECKSUM_SHA512 || \
+	c == ZIO_CHECKSUM_SKEIN || c == ZIO_CHECKSUM_EDONR || \
+	c == ZIO_CHECKSUM_BLAKE3)
+
 static kmem_cache_t *ddt_cache;
 static kmem_cache_t *ddt_entry_cache;
 
@@ -400,6 +409,7 @@ ddt_phys_total_refcnt(const ddt_entry_t *dde)
 ddt_t *
 ddt_select(spa_t *spa, const blkptr_t *bp)
 {
+	ASSERT(DDT_CHECKSUM_VALID(BP_GET_CHECKSUM(bp)));
 	return (spa->spa_ddt[BP_GET_CHECKSUM(bp)]);
 }
 
@@ -629,8 +639,10 @@ ddt_create(spa_t *spa)
 {
 	spa->spa_dedup_checksum = ZIO_DEDUPCHECKSUM;
 
-	for (enum zio_checksum c = 0; c < ZIO_CHECKSUM_FUNCTIONS; c++)
-		spa->spa_ddt[c] = ddt_table_alloc(spa, c);
+	for (enum zio_checksum c = 0; c < ZIO_CHECKSUM_FUNCTIONS; c++) {
+		if (DDT_CHECKSUM_VALID(c))
+			spa->spa_ddt[c] = ddt_table_alloc(spa, c);
+	}
 }
 
 int
@@ -648,6 +660,9 @@ ddt_load(spa_t *spa)
 		return (error == ENOENT ? 0 : error);
 
 	for (enum zio_checksum c = 0; c < ZIO_CHECKSUM_FUNCTIONS; c++) {
+		if (!DDT_CHECKSUM_VALID(c))
+			continue;
+
 		ddt_t *ddt = spa->spa_ddt[c];
 		for (ddt_type_t type = 0; type < DDT_TYPES; type++) {
 			for (ddt_class_t class = 0; class < DDT_CLASSES;
@@ -967,6 +982,8 @@ ddt_walk(spa_t *spa, ddt_bookmark_t *ddb, ddt_entry_t *dde)
 		do {
 			do {
 				ddt_t *ddt = spa->spa_ddt[ddb->ddb_checksum];
+				if (ddt == NULL)
+					continue;
 				int error = ENOENT;
 				if (ddt_object_exists(ddt, ddb->ddb_type,
 				    ddb->ddb_class)) {