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</li> </li>
<li class="md-nav__item"> <li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#traefik-v2" class="md-nav__link"> <a href="#traefik" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis"> <span class="md-ellipsis">
Traefik v2 Traefik
</span> </span>
</a> </a>
@ -2322,9 +2322,9 @@
</li> </li>
<li class="md-nav__item"> <li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#traefik-v2" class="md-nav__link"> <a href="#traefik" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis"> <span class="md-ellipsis">
Traefik v2 Traefik
</span> </span>
</a> </a>
@ -2857,99 +2857,94 @@ docker<span class="w"> </span>run<span class="w"> </span>--detach<span class="w"
</code></pre></div> </code></pre></div>
<p>DSM-generated letsencrypt certificates get auto-renewed every three months.</p> <p>DSM-generated letsencrypt certificates get auto-renewed every three months.</p>
<h3 id="caddy"><a class="toclink" href="#caddy">Caddy</a></h3> <h3 id="caddy"><a class="toclink" href="#caddy">Caddy</a></h3>
<p>For Caddy v2 you can specify the <code>key_type</code> in your server's global settings, which would end up looking something like this if you're using a <code>Caddyfile</code>:</p> <p><a href="https://caddyserver.com">Caddy</a> is an open-source web server with built-in TLS certificate generation. You can use the <a href="https://hub.docker.com/_/caddy">official Docker image</a> and write your own <code>Caddyfile</code>.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>{ <div class="admonition example">
debug <p class="admonition-title">Example</p>
admin localhost:2019 <div class="highlight"><span class="filename">compose.yaml</span><pre><span></span><code><span class="nt">services</span><span class="p">:</span>
http_port 80 <span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Basic Caddy service to provision certs:</span>
https_port 443 <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">reverse-proxy</span><span class="p">:</span>
default_sni example.com <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">image</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">caddy:2.7</span>
key_type rsa2048 <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">ports</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">80:80</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">443:443</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">volumes</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">./Caddyfile:/etc/caddy/Caddyfile:ro</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">${CADDY_DATA_DIR}:/data</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Share the Caddy data volume for certs and configure SSL_TYPE to `letsencrypt`</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">mailserver</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">image</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">ghcr.io/docker-mailserver/docker-mailserver:latest</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">hostname</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mail.example.com</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">environment</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">SSL_TYPE</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">letsencrypt</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># While you could use a named data volume instead of a bind mount volume, it would require the long-syntax to rename cert files:</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># https://docs.docker.com/compose/compose-file/05-services/#volumes</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">volumes</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">${CADDY_DATA_DIR}/certificates/acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org-directory/mail.example.com/mail.example.com.crt:/etc/letsencrypt/live/mail.example.com/fullchain.pem</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">${CADDY_DATA_DIR}/certificates/acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org-directory/mail.example.com/mail.example.com.key:/etc/letsencrypt/live/mail.example.com/privkey.pem</span>
</code></pre></div>
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">Caddyfile</span><pre><span></span><code>mail.example.com {
tls internal {
key_type rsa2048
}
# Optional, can be useful for troubleshooting
# connection to Caddy with correct certificate:
respond &quot;Hello DMS&quot;
} }
</code></pre></div> </code></pre></div>
<p>If you are instead using a json config for Caddy v2, you can set it in your site's TLS automation policies:</p> <p>While DMS does not need a webserver to work, this workaround will provision a TLS certificate for DMS to use.</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://caddyserver.com/docs/caddyfile/directives/tls#syntax"><code>tls internal</code></a> will create a local self-signed cert for testing. This targets only the site-address, unlike the global <code>local_certs</code> option.</li>
<li><a href="https://caddyserver.com/docs/caddyfile/options#key-type"><code>key_type</code></a> can be used in the <code>tls</code> block if you need to enforce RSA as the key type for certificates provisioned. The default is currently ECDSA (P-256).</li>
</ul>
</div>
<details class="example"> <details class="example">
<summary>Caddy v2 JSON example snippet</summary> <summary>With <code>caddy-docker-proxy</code></summary>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="p">{</span> <p>Using <a href="https://github.com/lucaslorentz/caddy-docker-proxy"><code>lucaslorentz/caddy-docker-proxy</code></a> allows you to generate a <code>Caddyfile</code> by adding labels to your services in <code>compose.yaml</code>:</p>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;apps&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <div class="highlight"><span class="filename">compose.yaml</span><pre><span></span><code><span class="nt">services</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;http&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">reverse-proxy</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;servers&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">image</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">lucaslorentz/caddy-docker-proxy:2.8</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;srv0&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">ports</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;listen&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">80:80</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;:443&quot;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">443:443</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">volumes</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;routes&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">/var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">${CADDY_DATA_DIR}:/data</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;match&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">labels</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Set global config here, this option has an empty value to enable self-signed certs for local testing:</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;host&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># NOTE: Remove this label when going to production.</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;mail.example.com&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">caddy.local_certs</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;&quot;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Use labels to configure Caddy to provision DMS certs</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">mailserver</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;handle&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">image</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">ghcr.io/docker-mailserver/docker-mailserver:latest</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">hostname</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mail.example.com</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;handler&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;subroute&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">environment</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;routes&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">SSL_TYPE</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">letsencrypt</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">volumes</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;handle&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">${CADDY_DATA_DIR}/certificates/acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org-directory/mail.example.com/mail.example.com.crt:/etc/letsencrypt/live/mail.example.com/fullchain.pem</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">${CADDY_DATA_DIR}/certificates/acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org-directory/mail.example.com/mail.example.com.key:/etc/letsencrypt/live/mail.example.com/privkey.pem</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;body&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">labels</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;handler&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;static_response&quot;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Set your DMS FQDN here to add the site-address into the generated Caddyfile:</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">caddy_0</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mail.example.com</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Add a dummy directive is required:</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">caddy_0.respond</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;Hello</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">DMS&quot;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Uncomment to make a proxy for Rspamd</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># caddy_1: rspamd.example.com</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># caddy_1.reverse_proxy: &quot;{{upstreams 11334}}&quot;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;terminal&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;tls&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;automation&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;policies&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;subjects&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;mail.example.com&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">],</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;key_type&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;rsa2048&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;issuer&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;email&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;admin@example.com&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;module&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;acme&quot;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;issuer&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;email&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;admin@example.com&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;module&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;acme&quot;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div> </code></pre></div>
</details> </details>
<p>The generated certificates can then be mounted:</p> <div class="admonition warning">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="nt">volumes</span><span class="p">:</span> <p class="admonition-title">Caddy certificate location varies</p>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">${CADDY_DATA_DIR}/certificates/acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org-directory/mail.example.com/mail.example.com.crt:/etc/letsencrypt/live/mail.example.com/fullchain.pem</span> <p>The path contains the certificate provisioner used. This path may be different from the example above for you and may change over time when multiple provisioner services are used]<a href="https://github.com/docker-mailserver/docker-mailserver/pull/3485/files#r1297512818">dms-pr-feedback::caddy-provisioning-gotcha</a>.</p>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">${CADDY_DATA_DIR}/certificates/acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org-directory/mail.example.com/mail.example.com.key:/etc/letsencrypt/live/mail.example.com/privkey.pem</span> <p>This can make the volume mounting for DMS to find the certificates non-deterministic, but you can <a href="https://caddy.community/t/is-there-a-way-on-a-caddyfile-to-force-a-specific-acme-ca/14506">restrict provisioning to single service via the <code>acme_ca</code> setting</a>.</p>
</code></pre></div> </div>
<h3 id="traefik-v2"><a class="toclink" href="#traefik-v2">Traefik v2</a></h3> <h3 id="traefik"><a class="toclink" href="#traefik">Traefik</a></h3>
<p><a href="https://github.com/containous/traefik">Traefik</a> is an open-source application proxy using the <a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc8555">ACME protocol</a>. <a href="https://github.com/containous/traefik">Traefik</a> can request certificates for domains and subdomains, and it will take care of renewals, challenge negotiations, etc. We strongly recommend to use <a href="https://github.com/containous/traefik">Traefik</a>'s major version 2.</p> <p><a href="https://github.com/containous/traefik">Traefik</a> is an open-source application proxy using the <a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc8555">ACME protocol</a>. Traefik can request certificates for domains and subdomains, and it will take care of renewals, challenge negotiations, etc.</p>
<p><a href="https://github.com/containous/traefik">Traefik</a>'s storage format is natively supported if the <code>acme.json</code> store is mounted into the container at <code>/etc/letsencrypt/acme.json</code>. The file is also monitored for changes and will trigger a reload of the mail services (Postfix and Dovecot).</p> <p>Traefik's storage format is natively supported if the <code>acme.json</code> store is mounted into the container at <code>/etc/letsencrypt/acme.json</code>. The file is also monitored for changes and will trigger a reload of the mail services (Postfix and Dovecot).</p>
<p>Wildcard certificates are supported. If your FQDN is <code>mail.example.com</code> and your wildcard certificate is <code>*.example.com</code>, add the ENV: <code class="highlight"><span class="nv">SSL_DOMAIN</span><span class="o">=</span>example.com</code>.</p> <p>DMS will select it's certificate from <code>acme.json</code> prioritizing a match for the DMS FQDN (hostname), while also checking one DNS level up (<em>eg: <code>mail.example.com</code> =&gt; <code>example.com</code></em>). Wildcard certificates are supported.</p>
<p>DMS will select it's certificate from <code>acme.json</code> checking these ENV for a matching FQDN (<em>in order of priority</em>):</p> <p>This setup only comes with one caveat - The domain has to be configured on another service for Traefik to actually request it from <em>Let's Encrypt</em> (<em>i.e. Traefik will not issue a certificate without a service / router demanding it</em>).</p>
<ol>
<li><code class="highlight"><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">SSL_DOMAIN</span><span class="si">}</span></code></li>
<li><code class="highlight"><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">HOSTNAME</span><span class="si">}</span></code></li>
<li><code class="highlight"><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">DOMAINNAME</span><span class="si">}</span></code></li>
</ol>
<p>This setup only comes with one caveat: The domain has to be configured on another service for <a href="https://github.com/containous/traefik">Traefik</a> to actually request it from <em>Let's Encrypt</em>, i.e. <a href="https://github.com/containous/traefik">Traefik</a> will not issue a certificate without a service / router demanding it.</p>
<details class="example" open="open"> <details class="example" open="open">
<summary>Example Code</summary> <summary>Example Code</summary>
<p>Here is an example setup for <a href="https://docs.docker.com/compose/"><code>docker-compose</code></a>:</p> <p>Here is an example setup for <a href="https://docs.docker.com/compose/"><code>docker-compose</code></a>:</p>
@ -3059,32 +3054,42 @@ docker<span class="w"> </span>run<span class="w"> </span>--rm<span class="w"> </
<p>You may have to restart DMS once the certificates change.</p> <p>You may have to restart DMS once the certificates change.</p>
</div> </div>
<h2 id="testing-a-certificate-is-valid"><a class="toclink" href="#testing-a-certificate-is-valid">Testing a Certificate is Valid</a></h2> <h2 id="testing-a-certificate-is-valid"><a class="toclink" href="#testing-a-certificate-is-valid">Testing a Certificate is Valid</a></h2>
<ul> <div class="admonition example">
<li> <p class="admonition-title">Connect to DMS on port 25</p>
<p>From your host:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>docker<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">exec</span><span class="w"> </span>mailserver<span class="w"> </span>openssl<span class="w"> </span>s_client<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> <div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>docker<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">exec</span><span class="w"> </span>mailserver<span class="w"> </span>openssl<span class="w"> </span>s_client<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span>
<span class="w"> </span>-connect<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span>.0.0.0:25<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> <span class="w"> </span>-connect<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span>.0.0.0:25<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span>
<span class="w"> </span>-starttls<span class="w"> </span>smtp<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> <span class="w"> </span>-starttls<span class="w"> </span>smtp<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span>
<span class="w"> </span>-CApath<span class="w"> </span>/etc/ssl/certs/ <span class="w"> </span>-CApath<span class="w"> </span>/etc/ssl/certs/
</code></pre></div> </code></pre></div>
</li> <p>The response should show the certificate chain with a line further down: <code>Verify return code: 0 (ok)</code></p>
<li> <hr />
<p>Or:</p> <p>This example runs within the DMS container itself to verify the cert is working locally.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>docker<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">exec</span><span class="w"> </span>mailserver<span class="w"> </span>openssl<span class="w"> </span>s_client<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> <ul>
<span class="w"> </span>-connect<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span>.0.0.0:143<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> <li>Adjust the <code>-connect</code> IP if testing externally from another system. Additionally testing for port 143 (Dovecot IMAP) is encouraged (<em>change the protocol for <code>-starttls</code> from <code>smtp</code> to <code>imap</code></em>).</li>
<span class="w"> </span>-starttls<span class="w"> </span>imap<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> <li><code>-CApath</code> will help verify the certificate chain, provided the location contains the root CA that signed your TLS cert for DMS.</li>
<span class="w"> </span>-CApath<span class="w"> </span>/etc/ssl/certs/
</code></pre></div>
</li>
</ul> </ul>
<p>And you should see the certificate chain, the server certificate and: <code>Verify return code: 0 (ok)</code></p> </div>
<p>In addition, to verify certificate dates:</p> <details class="example">
<summary>Verify certificate dates</summary>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>docker<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">exec</span><span class="w"> </span>mailserver<span class="w"> </span>openssl<span class="w"> </span>s_client<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> <div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>docker<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">exec</span><span class="w"> </span>mailserver<span class="w"> </span>openssl<span class="w"> </span>s_client<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span>
<span class="w"> </span>-connect<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span>.0.0.0:25<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> <span class="w"> </span>-connect<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span>.0.0.0:25<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span>
<span class="w"> </span>-starttls<span class="w"> </span>smtp<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> <span class="w"> </span>-starttls<span class="w"> </span>smtp<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span>
<span class="w"> </span>-CApath<span class="w"> </span>/etc/ssl/certs/<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span> <span class="w"> </span>-CApath<span class="w"> </span>/etc/ssl/certs/<span class="w"> </span><span class="se">\</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span>&gt;/dev/null<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">|</span><span class="w"> </span>openssl<span class="w"> </span>x509<span class="w"> </span>-noout<span class="w"> </span>-dates <span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span>&gt;/dev/null<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">|</span><span class="w"> </span>openssl<span class="w"> </span>x509<span class="w"> </span>-noout<span class="w"> </span>-dates
</code></pre></div> </code></pre></div>
</details>
<div class="admonition tip">
<p class="admonition-title">Testing and troubleshooting</p>
<p>If you need to test a connection without resolving DNS, <code>curl</code> can connect with <code>--resolve</code> option to map an FQDN + Port to an IP address, instead of the request address provided.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="c1"># NOTE: You may want to use `--insecure` if the cert was provisioned with a private CA not present on the curl client:</span>
<span class="c1"># Use `--verbose` for additional insights on the connection.</span>
curl<span class="w"> </span>--resolve<span class="w"> </span>mail.example.com:443:127.0.0.1<span class="w"> </span>https://mail.example.com
</code></pre></div>
<p>Similarly with <code>openssl</code> you can connect to an IP as shown previously, but provide an explicit SNI if necessary with <code>-servername mail.example.com</code>.</p>
<hr />
<p>Both <code>curl</code> and <code>openssl</code> also support <code>-4</code> and <code>-6</code> for enforcing IPv4 or IPv6 lookup.</p>
<p>This can be useful, such as when <a href="https://github.com/docker-mailserver/docker-mailserver/issues/3955#issuecomment-2027882633">DNS resolves the IP to different servers leading to different certificates returned</a>. As shown in that link, <code>step certificate inspect</code> is also handy for viewing details of the cert returned or on disk.</p>
</div>
<h2 id="plain-text-access"><a class="toclink" href="#plain-text-access">Plain-Text Access</a></h2> <h2 id="plain-text-access"><a class="toclink" href="#plain-text-access">Plain-Text Access</a></h2>
<div class="admonition warning"> <div class="admonition warning">
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p> <p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>

2
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<urlset xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9"> <urlset xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9">
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/faq/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/faq/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/introduction/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/introduction/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/usage/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/usage/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/debugging/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/debugging/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/environment/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/environment/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/pop3/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/pop3/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/setup.sh/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/setup.sh/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/user-management/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/user-management/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/auth-ldap/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/auth-ldap/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/auth-oauth2/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/auth-oauth2/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/dovecot-master-accounts/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/dovecot-master-accounts/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/full-text-search/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/full-text-search/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/ipv6/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/ipv6/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/kubernetes/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/kubernetes/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/mail-fetchmail/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/mail-fetchmail/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/mail-getmail/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/mail-getmail/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/mail-sieve/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/mail-sieve/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/optional-config/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/optional-config/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/podman/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/podman/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/mail-forwarding/aws-ses/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/mail-forwarding/aws-ses/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/mail-forwarding/gmail-smtp/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/mail-forwarding/gmail-smtp/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/mail-forwarding/relay-hosts/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/mail-forwarding/relay-hosts/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/maintenance/update-and-cleanup/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/maintenance/update-and-cleanup/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/override-defaults/dovecot/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/override-defaults/dovecot/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/override-defaults/postfix/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/override-defaults/postfix/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/override-defaults/user-patches/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/override-defaults/user-patches/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/best-practices/autodiscover/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/best-practices/autodiscover/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/best-practices/dkim_dmarc_spf/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/best-practices/dkim_dmarc_spf/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/best-practices/mta-sts/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/best-practices/mta-sts/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/security/fail2ban/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/security/fail2ban/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/security/mail_crypt/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/security/mail_crypt/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/security/rspamd/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/security/rspamd/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/security/ssl/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/security/ssl/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/security/understanding-the-ports/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/security/understanding-the-ports/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/contributing/general/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/contributing/general/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/contributing/issues-and-pull-requests/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/contributing/issues-and-pull-requests/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/contributing/tests/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/contributing/tests/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/examples/tutorials/basic-installation/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/examples/tutorials/basic-installation/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/examples/tutorials/blog-posts/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/examples/tutorials/blog-posts/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/examples/tutorials/crowdsec/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/examples/tutorials/crowdsec/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/examples/tutorials/docker-build/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/examples/tutorials/docker-build/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/examples/tutorials/mailserver-behind-proxy/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/examples/tutorials/mailserver-behind-proxy/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/examples/use-cases/auth-lua/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/examples/use-cases/auth-lua/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/examples/use-cases/bind-smtp-network-interface/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/examples/use-cases/bind-smtp-network-interface/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/examples/use-cases/forward-only-mailserver-with-ldap-authentication/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/examples/use-cases/forward-only-mailserver-with-ldap-authentication/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/examples/use-cases/imap-folders/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/examples/use-cases/imap-folders/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
<url> <url>
<loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/examples/use-cases/ios-mail-push-support/</loc> <loc>https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/examples/use-cases/ios-mail-push-support/</loc>
<lastmod>2024-04-18</lastmod> <lastmod>2024-04-19</lastmod>
<changefreq>daily</changefreq> <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
</url> </url>
</urlset> </urlset>